Hi thanks for the question
for an overview of authentication/authorization in Az API Management please see here
To your specific question , if I am understanding correctly your backend is setup with oAuth and you use APIM to validate the jwt token on the way through.
The developer portal test console can be configured to allow a user to obtain a JWT token (see here)
You can do something similar if you prefer to use Postman (as an example of a popular http testing tool)
Note: If you are using the client credentials flow then you cant obtain a token without making the correct token request towards the oAuth provider with the correct data (client id, secret etc). This is explained in detail for AAD (Az Active Directory) here.