FileNameDate
is a text column, not an integer. That makes sense because an regular 32-bit int cannot hold a full date value (YY,YYM,MDD). Hence this is just a string parsing problem.
Unfortunately your time isn't in a consistent format so there isn't going to be a "correct" way to do this. Given the following value: 12345, is this 12:34:05, 1:23:45 or something else? Unless you have the full 6 digit timestamp you are going to have to make some decisions on how to interpret the value.
Given just your first value 21102531021
if you assume the first 6 digits are the date then this results in 10/25/2021. That leaves the remaining time of 311021
which is not a valid hhmmss value. Is this a Unix timestamp or something that represents ticks?