For SharePoint server 2013, please run the following command to start the Distributed Cache:
$instanceName ="SPDistributedCacheService Name=AppFabricCachingService"
$serviceInstance = Get-SPServiceInstance | ? {($_.service.tostring()) -eq $instanceName -and ($_.server.name) -eq $env:computername}
$serviceInstance.Provision()
Please note the difference between SharePoint Server Subscription Edition and SharePoint server 2013:
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