@Marco GG I believe you are talking about Store to Cache policy where we define the duration in seconds. The durability of the internal cache is specified in the setting:
<cache-store duration="3600" />
If your operations are heavily dependent on having good and persistent caching then you should consider the use of external caching where one will be able to have control over all the aspects of the caching mechanism.
In case if you are using the internal caching the cache will be cleaned due to APIM updates (customer or azure) which is not predictable but is not expected to be with a high frequency.
You can set any value of duration but as Built-in cache is volatile and is shared by all units in the same region in the same API Management service your set value will may or may not be valid.
The volatile part is documented in the Important section here.