One of your client virtual directories isnt set correctly to the FQDN that matches a subject name on the cert.
Run this from Outlook:
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/msoffice/forum/all/mailboxes-test-e-mail-autoconfiguration/19f9c90a-4640-46c4-a574-dbec29bdb8ba?auth=1
Then click on the XML tab in the results and check the URLs returned. See what they say for the results checking the <Protocol>
you can post here minus any personal data as well ( copy and paste from the XML section
Did you set the correct autodiscover URI?
Example:
Set-ClientAccessService -Identity "MBX-01" -AutoDiscoverServiceInternalUri "https://mbx01.contoso.com/autodiscover/autodiscover.xml"