I have tested and confirmed that keywords in multi-line columns will be returned in search results in SharePoint Online.
However, quoting the official document Manage the search schema in SharePoint - Crawling and re-indexing:
In SharePoint in Microsoft 365, crawling happens automatically based on the defined crawl schedule.
This is managed by Microsoft directly and cannot be monitored or modified from our end.
You will have to wait until the column values are crawled so that they get returned in search results.