This seems to be a symptom of having WSL2 installed but Ubuntu (or whatever distro) has decided to be installed under WSL1 still.
You can verify this by typing (in PowerShell or Command Prompt):
wsl -l -v
Which will show if the distribution is under 1 still.
What's odd is that if you look at:
wsl --status
It may report that the default version is 2 but that doesn't appear to hold for systems that previously had WSL1 as I have repeatedly attempted to install Ubuntu-20.04 and Ubuntu-18.04 but they'd always show up with WSL1 (i.e. uname -r would output 4.4.0-19041...). You may be able to change the kernel version by using the wsl --set-version command but as I was going through a fresh install I found the following fixed the issue (the first command being most important despite wsl already claiming to default to 2):
wsl --set-default-version 2
wsl --install -d Ubuntu-20.04
After setup, I was greeted with the following in response to uname -r
:
5.10.102.1-microsoft-standard-WSL2
And critically dmesg now shows the expected much more than 5 lines. And the /usr/lib/wsl/drivers /usr/lib/wsl/lib folders are correctly populated with content from C:\Windows\system32\lxss\lib etc.