Welcome to Microsoft Q&A Platform, thanks for posting your query here.
Firstly, apologies for the delay in responding here and any inconvenience this issue may have caused.
The issue reported here is the Linux VM reboot with error as remote disk was disconnected.
This issue might have happened due to connection loss between the physical host node where your VM was running, and the Azure Storage services where your Virtual Hard Disks (VHDs) reside.
Azure would have initiated VM shutdown triggered by detection of temporary IO transaction timeouts. Azure platform continuously monitors reads and writes (IO transactions) from your VMs to Azure Storage. If transactions do not complete successfully within 120 seconds (inclusive of retries), the connectivity is considered to be lost and a temporary VM shutdown is initiated to preserve data integrity and prevent corruption of your VM. After the platform detects that the storage service connectivity is restored, the VM is automatically restarted.
Hope that helps.
Please 'Accept as answer' if the provided information is helpful, so that it can help others in the community looking for help on similar topics.