WINUI 3 and MS General Midi

Question

WINUI 3 and MS General Midi

Cal 21

I have successfully used the GS synth in a Wpf app together with Sanfords Multimedia Toolkit.

In WINUI 3, again using Sanfords MMT I can play midi through other devices, but receive a null for the MS GS synth.

Other people have reported that they had the same problem under UWP, but that was fixed when they referenced the MS General Midi dls. Obviously I can't reference these with WINUI 3.

Any help appreciated.

Thanks

Junjie Zhu - MSFT 21,646 Reputation points

2022-03-18T09:41:11.167+00:00

Hi @Cal
You can submit feedback about Sanfords Multimedia Toolkit questions here. https://github.com/tebjan/Sanford.Multimedia.Midi/issues
Cal 21 Reputation points

2022-03-18T22:29:18.107+00:00

Hi JunjieZhu,

The question is not about Sanfords Toolkit, I merely mentioned that is what worked with WPF.

Other people in other forum posts have also had problems accessing the GS synth with Win UI 2 and they were not using Sanfords Toolkit.

Win UI 2 needs reference to the MS General Midi dls and I suspect that Win UI 3 needs the same, but there seems no way to add this reference to a Win UI 3 project.

There is no Win UI 3 midi sample and so unless someone can prove otherwise, it seems that the GS synth is unavailable under Win UI 3.

Accepted answer

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Junjie Zhu - MSFT 21,646 Reputation points

2022-03-18T09:41:11.167+00:00

Hi @Cal
You can submit feedback about Sanfords Multimedia Toolkit questions here. https://github.com/tebjan/Sanford.Multimedia.Midi/issues
Cal 21 Reputation points

2022-03-18T22:29:18.107+00:00

Hi JunjieZhu,

The question is not about Sanfords Toolkit, I merely mentioned that is what worked with WPF.

Other people in other forum posts have also had problems accessing the GS synth with Win UI 2 and they were not using Sanfords Toolkit.

Win UI 2 needs reference to the MS General Midi dls and I suspect that Win UI 3 needs the same, but there seems no way to add this reference to a Win UI 3 project.

There is no Win UI 3 midi sample and so unless someone can prove otherwise, it seems that the GS synth is unavailable under Win UI 3.

Answer 1

I'm not sure if I have understood your problem, but I did a test with Midi APIs and I can send Midi messages to "Microsoft GS Wavetable Synth" in WinUI3

The test =>

public sealed partial class MainWindow : Window  
{  
    [DllImport("Winmm.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]  
    public static extern uint midiOutGetNumDevs();  

    [DllImport("Winmm.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]  
    public static extern int midiOutGetDevCaps(uint uDeviceID, ref MIDIOUTCAPS pmoc, uint cbmoc);  

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]  
    public struct MIDIOUTCAPS  
    {  
        public short wMid;  
        public short wPid;  
        public int vDriverVersion;  
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)]  
        public string szPname;  
        public short wTechnology;  
        public short wVoices;  
        public short wNotes;  
        public short wChannelMask;  
        public uint dwSupport;  
    }  

    [DllImport("Winmm.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]  
    public static extern int midiOutShortMsg(IntPtr hmo, uint dwMsg);  

    [DllImport("Winmm.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]  
    public static extern int midiOutOpen(ref IntPtr phmo, uint uDeviceID, IntPtr dwCallback, IntPtr dwInstance, uint fdwOpen);  

    [DllImport("Winmm.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]  
    public static extern int midiOutClose(IntPtr hmo);  

    public const int MIDI_MAPPER = unchecked(-1);  

    public const int MMSYSERR_NOERROR = 0;  

    // From KBMidi.c, C.Petzold  
    private int MidiOutMessage(IntPtr hMidi, int iStatus, int iChannel, int iData1, int iData2)  
    {  
        int dwMessage;  
        dwMessage = iStatus | iChannel | (iData1 << 8) | (iData2 << 16);  
        return midiOutShortMsg(hMidi, (uint)dwMessage);  
    }  

    private int MidiNoteOff(IntPtr hMidi, int iChannel, int iOct, int iNote, int iVel)  
    {  
        return MidiOutMessage(hMidi, 0x080, iChannel, 12 * iOct + iNote, iVel);  
    }  

    private int MidiNoteOn(IntPtr hMidi, int iChannel, int iOct, int iNote, int iVel)  
    {  
        return MidiOutMessage(hMidi, 0x090, iChannel, 12 * iOct + iNote, iVel);  
    }  

    private int MidiSetPatch(IntPtr hMidi, int iChannel, int iVoice)  
    {  
        return MidiOutMessage(hMidi, 0x0C0, iChannel, iVoice, 0);  
    }  

    private int MidiPitchBend(IntPtr hMidi, int iChannel, int iBend)  
    {  
        return MidiOutMessage(hMidi, 0x0E0, iChannel, iBend & 0x7F, iBend >> 7);  
    }  

    public class Music  
    {  
        public int note;  
        public int velocity;  
        public int duration;  
        public Music(int note, int velocity, int duration)  
        {  
            this.note = note;  
            this.velocity = velocity;  
            this.duration = duration;  
        }  
    }  

    // Symphonie n° 9 de Beethoven  
    public static Music[] melody =  
        {  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(65, 95, 480),  
        new Music(67, 95, 480),  
        new Music(67, 95, 480),  
        new Music(65, 95, 480),  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(62, 95, 480),  
        new Music(60, 95, 480),  
        new Music(60, 95, 480),  
        new Music(62, 95, 480),  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(64, 95, 720),  
        new Music(62, 95, 240),  
        new Music(62, 95, 960),  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(65, 95, 480),  
        new Music(67, 95, 480),  
        new Music(67, 95, 480),  
        new Music(65, 95, 480),  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(62, 95, 480),  
        new Music(60, 95, 480),  
        new Music(60, 95, 480),  
        new Music(62, 95, 480),  
        new Music(64, 95, 480),  
        new Music(62, 95, 720),  
        new Music(60, 95, 240),  
        new Music(60, 95, 960),  
    };         

    System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<string> midiOutputs = new System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<string>();  
    System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<string> instruments = new System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<string>();  

    private bool bMidiOut = false;  
    private IntPtr hMidiOut = IntPtr.Zero;  
    private Microsoft.UI.Windowing.AppWindow _apw;  

    public MainWindow()  
    {  
        this.InitializeComponent();  

        MIDIOUTCAPS midiOutCaps = new MIDIOUTCAPS();  
        if (midiOutGetDevCaps(unchecked((uint)MIDI_MAPPER), ref midiOutCaps, (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(midiOutCaps)) != -1)  
            midiOutputs.Add(midiOutCaps.szPname);  
        for (uint i = 0; i < midiOutGetNumDevs(); i++)  
        {  
            midiOutGetDevCaps(i, ref midiOutCaps, (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(midiOutCaps));  
            midiOutputs.Add(midiOutCaps.szPname.ToString());  
        }  

        MidiOutputCombo.SelectedIndex = 0;  

        FillInstruments();  

        IntPtr hWnd = WinRT.Interop.WindowNative.GetWindowHandle(this);  
        Microsoft.UI.WindowId myWndId = Microsoft.UI.Win32Interop.GetWindowIdFromWindow(hWnd);            
        _apw = Microsoft.UI.Windowing.AppWindow.GetFromWindowId(myWndId);  
        _apw.Resize(new Windows.Graphics.SizeInt32(430, 260));           
    }  

    async System.Threading.Tasks.Task MyTask()  
    {             
        bool isQueued = this.DispatcherQueue.TryEnqueue(Microsoft.UI.Dispatching.DispatcherQueuePriority.Normal, async () =>  
        {  
            MidiSetPatch(hMidiOut, 0, InstrumentsCombo.SelectedIndex);  
            for (int i = 0; i < melody.Length; i++)  
            {  
                MidiNoteOn(hMidiOut, 0, 0, melody[i].note, melody[i].velocity);  
                await System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Delay(melody[i].duration);  
                MidiNoteOff(hMidiOut, 0, 0, melody[i].note, 0);  
            }  
        });  
    }  

    private async void LaunchTask()  
    {             
        await MyTask();             
    }  

    private void myButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)  
    {  
        {  
            LaunchTask();  
            return;  
        }            
    }  

    private void FillInstruments()  
    {  
        instruments.Add("Acoustic Grand Piano");  
        instruments.Add("Bright Acoustic Piano");  
        instruments.Add("Electric Grand Piano");  
        instruments.Add("Honky Tonk Piano");  
        instruments.Add("Rhodes Piano");  
        instruments.Add("Chorused Piano");  
        instruments.Add("Harpsichord");  
        instruments.Add("Clavinet");  
        instruments.Add("Celesta");  
        instruments.Add("Glockenspiel");  
        instruments.Add("Music box");  
        instruments.Add("Vibraphone");  
        instruments.Add("Marimba");  
        instruments.Add("Xylophone");  
        instruments.Add("Tubular Bells");  
        instruments.Add("Dulcimer");  
        instruments.Add("Hammond Organ");  
        instruments.Add("Percussive Organ");  
        instruments.Add("Rock Organ");  
        instruments.Add("Church Organ");  
        instruments.Add("Reed Organ");  
        instruments.Add("Accordion");  
        instruments.Add("Harmonica");  
        instruments.Add("Tango Accordion");  
        instruments.Add("Acoustic Guitar (nylon)");  
        instruments.Add("Acoustic Guitar (steel)");  
        instruments.Add("Electric Guitar (jazz)");  
        instruments.Add("Electric Guitar (clean)");  
        instruments.Add("Electric Guitar (muted)");  
        instruments.Add("Overdriven Guitar");  
        instruments.Add("Distortion Guitar");  
        instruments.Add("Guitar Harmonics");  
        instruments.Add("Acoustic Bass");  
        instruments.Add("Electric Bass (finger)");  
        instruments.Add("Electric Bass (pick)");  
        instruments.Add("Fretless Bass");  
        instruments.Add("Slap Bass 1");  
        instruments.Add("Slap Bass 2");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Bass 1");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Bass 2");  
        instruments.Add("Violin");  
        instruments.Add("Viola");  
        instruments.Add("Cello");  
        instruments.Add("Contrabass");  
        instruments.Add("Tremolo Strings");  
        instruments.Add("Pizzicato Strings");  
        instruments.Add("Orchestral Harp");  
        instruments.Add("Timpani");  
        instruments.Add("String Ensemble 1");  
        instruments.Add("String Ensemble 2");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Strings 1");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Strings 2");  
        instruments.Add("Choir Aahs");  
        instruments.Add("Voice Oohs");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Voice");  
        instruments.Add("Orchestra Hit");  
        instruments.Add("Trumpet");  
        instruments.Add("Trombone");  
        instruments.Add("Tuba");  
        instruments.Add("Muted Trumpet");  
        instruments.Add("French Horn");  
        instruments.Add("Brass Section");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Brass 1");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Brass 2");  
        instruments.Add("Soprano Sax");  
        instruments.Add("Alto Sax");  
        instruments.Add("Tenor Sax");  
        instruments.Add("Baritone Sax");  
        instruments.Add("Oboe");  
        instruments.Add("English Horn");  
        instruments.Add("Bassoon");  
        instruments.Add("Clarinet");  
        instruments.Add("Piccolo");  
        instruments.Add("Flute");  
        instruments.Add("Recorder");  
        instruments.Add("Pan Flute");  
        instruments.Add("Bottle Blow");  
        instruments.Add("Shakuhachi");  
        instruments.Add("Whistle");  
        instruments.Add("Ocarina");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 1 (square)");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 2 (sawtooth)");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 3 (calliope lea)");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 4 (chiffer lead)");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 5 (charang)");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 6 (voice)");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 7 (fifths)");  
        instruments.Add("Lead 8 (brass + lead)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 1 (new age)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 2 (warm)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 3 (polysynth)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 4 (choir)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 5 (bowed)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 6 (metallic)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 7 (halo)");  
        instruments.Add("Pad 8 (sweep)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 1 (rain)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 2 (soundtrack)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 3 (crystal)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 4 (atmosphere)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 5 (brightness)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 6 (goblins)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 7 (echoes)");  
        instruments.Add("FX 8 (sci-fi)");  
        instruments.Add("Sitar");  
        instruments.Add("Banjo");  
        instruments.Add("Shamisen");  
        instruments.Add("Koto");  
        instruments.Add("Kalimba");  
        instruments.Add("Bagpipe");  
        instruments.Add("Fiddle");  
        instruments.Add("Shana");  
        instruments.Add("Tinkle Bell");  
        instruments.Add("Agogo");  
        instruments.Add("Steel Drums");  
        instruments.Add("Woodblock");  
        instruments.Add("Taiko Drum");  
        instruments.Add("Melodic Tom");  
        instruments.Add("Synth Drum");  
        instruments.Add("Reverse Cymbal");  
        instruments.Add("Guitar Fret Noise");  
        instruments.Add("Breath Noise");  
        instruments.Add("Seashore");  
        instruments.Add("Bird Tweet");  
        instruments.Add("Telephone Ring");  
        instruments.Add("Helicopter");  
        instruments.Add("Applause");  
        instruments.Add("Gunshot");  
        InstrumentsCombo.SelectedIndex = 0;  
    }  

    private void InstrumentsCombo_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)  
    {  

    }  

    private void MidiOutputCombo_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)  
    {  
        if (bMidiOut)  
        {  
            midiOutClose(hMidiOut);  
            bMidiOut = false;  
        }  

        if (!bMidiOut)  
        {  
            if (midiOutOpen(ref hMidiOut, (uint)MidiOutputCombo.SelectedIndex - 1, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, 0) != MMSYSERR_NOERROR)  
            {  
                // MMSYSERR_BADDEVICEID = MMSYSERR_BASE + 2  
                int nLastWin32Error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();  
            }  
            bMidiOut = true;  
        }  
    }      
}

XAML (change WinUI3_Midi) :

<Window  
x:Class="WinUI3_Midi.MainWindow"  
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"  
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"  
xmlns:local="using:WinUI3_Midi"  
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"  
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"  
mc:Ignorable="d">  

<StackPanel>          
    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top">  
    <ComboBox x:Name="MidiOutputCombo" Header="Midi Output" Height="60" Width="296" Margin ="10,10,0,0"                 
      ItemsSource="{x:Bind midiOutputs}" SelectionChanged ="MidiOutputCombo_SelectionChanged"/>  
     <Button x:Name='myButton' Click="myButton_Click" FontFamily='Segoe UI Emoji' FontSize='30'  
             Content='&#x1F3B6;'  
             Style="{StaticResource ButtonRevealStyle}"  
             Height="60" Width="60" Margin ="20,20,0,0" />  
    </StackPanel>  
    <StackPanel>  
        <ComboBox x:Name="InstrumentsCombo" Header="Instruments" Height="60" Width="296" Margin ="10,10,0,0"   
                  ItemsSource="{x:Bind instruments}" SelectionChanged ="InstrumentsCombo_SelectionChanged"/>  
    </StackPanel>              
</StackPanel>   
</Window>

Cal 21 Reputation points

2022-03-28T01:20:26.71+00:00

Thank you very much Castorix31,

I can definitely work with that.

I just don't understand why Sanford's MM Toolkit works with all devices on WPF and all other devices on WINUI 3 apart from the gs synth.

I really appreciate your help.
Cal 21 Reputation points

2022-03-28T01:51:27.26+00:00

I've just tried it out, but get no sound from the GS synth. I went back to my WPF project with Sanford's Toolkit and test the GS synth thinking that something might have altered on my system, but it plays just fine.

You're using WinRT to resize the window. I've commented that out as I'm on a 64bit.

Thanks
Castorix31 90,686 Reputation points

2022-03-28T06:39:37.17+00:00

I'm also on 64-bit,

but it works for me with Unpackaged app,

with in the .csproj :

<WindowsPackageType>None</WindowsPackageType>

I just tested with a packaged app and I don't have any sound too
Cal 21 Reputation points

2022-03-28T19:21:14.673+00:00

I just dived in to WINUI 3 and treated it pretty much like WPF, so haven't looked at the differences between packaged and unpackaged apps. From a quick look around the net, there seems to be some problems with correctly setting up packaged apps, so that's a whole other question, but just quickly, do you think that it's something that's not been packaged with the app or is the app being sandboxed similar to UWP?
Castorix31 90,686 Reputation points

2022-03-29T19:49:48.707+00:00

I don't know.
I tried to add some Capabilities like in UPW, but I did not find any which worked
I always use Unpackaged apps in WinUI
Maybe you could ask on WindowsAppSDK Github where MS developers could answer.
Cal 21 Reputation points

2022-03-30T16:29:18.58+00:00

Thanks for all your help Castorix

Cal

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WINUI 3 and MS General Midi

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