We have exactly the same problem. Reinstalling "Microsoft Access 2016 database engine” works just temporarily until the next Windows Update detects that KB5002160 isn’t installed and installs it again.
The stack of our application looks like that if KB5002160 is installed:
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\ACEDAO.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\Mso20win32client.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
… and if not:
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\ACEDAO.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\Mso20win32client.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\Mso30win32client.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\Mso40UIwin32client.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\Mso99Lwin32client.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\MSO.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Unloaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\MSO.DLL'
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\MSO.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\ACECORE.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Unloaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\ACECORE.DLL'
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\ACECORE.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\d2d1.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\d3d10_1.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\d3d10_1core.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\d3d10warp.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\davclnt.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\davhlpr.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\VBAJET32.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Loaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\EXPSRV.DLL'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
Unloaded 'C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\OFFICE16\VBAJET32.DLL'
So the implicit loading of 'C:\Program shared\OFFICE16\Mso30win32client.dll’ and others doesn’t happen if KB5002160 is installed.