Hi Brady,
Thanks for posting.
To support "next logon password change" passwords in Azure AD for synchronized users, you can enable the ForcePasswordChangeOnLogOn feature, by running the following command on your Azure AD Connect server:
Set-ADSyncAADCompanyFeature -ForcePasswordChangeOnLogOn $true
Full details given here. Read and let us know for any clarifications.
Section (Synchronizing temporary passwords and "Force Password Change on Next Logon")
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/hybrid/how-to-connect-password-hash-synchronization
Read more about Unsupported writeback operations in the last section:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/authentication/concept-sspr-writeback