Additional SQL Server features and topics not covered by specific categories
So I was wondering if I can create SQL Trigger that calls the stored procedure to update on that particular date
Do you mean a DML trigger on a database table like https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/triggers/dml-triggers?view=sql-server-ver15
Don't make much sense.
Better your ASP.NET backend execute the stored procedure directly passing the selected date as parameter.