Hope you are doing well.
I’m unable to reproduce this issue using my test tenant. I am getting all the recurring events in graph API response.
There is a possibility you might be checking the first page only. The Calendar API has a default page size of 10. You can use “@odata.nextLink” property to obtain all results. The page results is not sorted by start date unless “OrderBy” is specifically added.
Moreover, you can use List Instances API to get the instances (occurrences) of an event for a specified date range.
GET /me/events/{id}/instances?startDateTime={start_datetime}&endDateTime={end_datetime}
If the answer is helpful, please click "Accept Answer" and kindly upvote it. If you have further questions about this answer, please click "Comment".