Azure AD P1/P2 really just gives you services around identity management and security. It won't achieve any of those objectives on its own.
If you are already using Office 365/Microsoft 365 then I would still recommend that you go down the route of Azure AD Premium licensing and use Intune to manage your devices. This is all cloud native without any server infrastructure required.
Remote access - there's a few options for this, e.g. quick assist (built-in to Windows 10/11) and many, third party products also.
Network resources sharing - I'm assuming you mean files here. Do you need a network? Would you consider using OneDrive / Sharepoint for file sharing - again this would be cloud native and not required any infrastructure. This can also work well for your hotdesking, if you redirect the user's personal documents to their OneDrive storage then they can access their files from any device that they sign in to.
The way I look at it, if you have survived up to now without servers, domain controllers etc then it seems a shame to have to put these in place now unless absolutely required and from what I can see this would not be the case here. There's nothing wrong with that approach but it is more complicated if you have never done this before and there will be more ongoing maintenance involved.
I recommend to look at the Microsoft 365 Business Premium product. This is a single license per user that would include everything you need and probably more: https://www.microsoft.com/en-ie/microsoft-365/business/microsoft-365-business-premium