Hi @Ryan-AD
I don't know specifically what the workstations are doing, but I can speculate on what is happening. When you do a schema update, the last instruction in the update file is to flush the schema cache on DC using the UpdateSchemaNow RootDSE modify operators. It likely that this and added a domain controller to the domain will cause the Exchange servers to issue a refresh command to all connected clients, so they refresh their cached information about the Exchange environment, any newly added AD attributes, and the DC that exist in the domain.
Gary.