Ultimately, this really has nothing to do with Intune. Intune is just a policy deployment engine so the real question here should be, is there a policy implemented by the service or application you are interested in that achieves your desired result, and can be deployed by Intune?
As the second link shows you, the answer is yes. OneDrive has implemented group policies to control many behaviors including the one you've called out and nearly all group policies (aka ADMXs) that are built into Windows are exposed for deployment via Intune now (although you should use the Settings Catalog instead of Admin Templates). The first item you linked to is quite old (~4 years) and many things have changed and been added since then.