A cloud-based service included in Microsoft 365, delivering scalable messaging and collaboration features with simplified management and automatic updates.
Hi @IBN ,
If you only deploy one prem mail server, then only that server will have the message traffic.
Basic on my knowledge, MS wouldn't host another mail server.
The following diagram shows the relationships among the components in the Exchange transport pipeline.
You could also follow below link to get more details about mail flow.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/mail-flow/mail-flow?view=exchserver-2019
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