So... you are running your SQL Server on an Asus Laptop with Windows 11...
Your Patch KB5013943 is marked as "suspect" and already known as "has some issues"... some applications that are using .Net Framework might not work anymore or not in a proper way...
Your error message states that the CLR runtime is not able to start up / initialize according to your errorlog.
06/02/2022 11:39:11,spid62,Unknown,Failed to initialize the Common Language Runtime (CLR) v4.0.30319 with HRESULT 0x80004005. You may fix the problem and try again later.
06/02/2022 11:39:11,spid62,Unknown,Error: 6511<c/> Severity: 16<c/> State: 2.
CLRs are used to operate .NET code... so you and your SQL Server run into those issues related to that "faulty" patch that is explained in detail here:
https://www.techadvisor.com/how-to/windows/fix-windows-11-app-crashes-3815822/
So wait for the next update until then... stay away from that update ;-)