Hi @Domagoj Bazina ,
The best way is certainly subjective. I'm sure the community will share their own ideas and you'll have something to pick and choose from.
If I'm understanding you correctly, you would like to have your NodeJS app subscribed to data that gets ingested into Event Hub. The doc you referenced is a good place to start, and as long as having that loop running doesn't impact performance, I don't see anything wrong with going that route.
If it were me, I would use an Azure Function or WebJob that has an Event Hub trigger to do any data processing and forward that processed/sanitized data to an endpoint on the web app. I do know that there is a SignalR trigger and NodeJS client but I believe this has to run under aspnetcore so to get around that, I would suggest taking a look at Azure Web PubSub.