You can run the following SELECT statement to determine the current size of the database.
SELECT SUM(CAST(FILEPROPERTY(name, 'SpaceUsed') AS bigint) * 8192.) AS DatabaseSizeInBytes,
SUM(CAST(FILEPROPERTY(name, 'SpaceUsed') AS bigint) * 8192.) / 1024 / 1024 AS DatabaseSizeInMB,
SUM(CAST(FILEPROPERTY(name, 'SpaceUsed') AS bigint) * 8192.) / 1024 / 1024 / 1024 AS DatabaseSizeInGB
FROM sys.database_files
WHERE type_desc = 'ROWS';
You can compare that againt the current maximum size for the database
SELECT CAST(DATABASEPROPERTYEX ('YouAzureSQLDB' , 'MaxSizeInBytes' ) as bigint) /1073741824 -- Actual Max Size
To increase that maximum size you can use below statement.
ALTER DATABASE DATABASE_NAME
MODIFY (EDITION='STANDARD', MAXSIZE=50 GB)
You can automate this verification using a runbook.