Dylan,
This problem is definitely related to the latest release of Visual Studio. There are reports all over forums on the internet that after people upgraded to the latest release of Visual Studio 2019 they are no longer able to compile Unreal Engine.
In this posting, someone from Microsoft even tried to make the statement that the problem was fixed (which it is not).
https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/content/problem/1080829/unreal-engine-4251-compile-error-with-visual-studi.html?inRegister=true
So please have a look at this. It is not an Unreal Engine issue.
Thanks.
Corneel.