@Martin Schwabe Thanks for posting in our Q&A.
To clarify this issue, we appreciate your help to collect some information:
- Please try to run the scripts in the System account using the psexec tool locally.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/psexec
If it runs successfully, it is suggested to try to set "Run this script using the logged on credentials" to "No". - Please pay attention to the setting "Run script in 64-bit PowerShell host". Please make sure that the device meet this setting.
- If possible, please check if there is any error message in IntuneManagementExtension log under C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\IntuneManagementExtension\Logs
If there is anything update, feel free to let us know.
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