As you mentioned that you are seeing this error when you are trying to power-on VM from Azure portal. Also, the VM is booting up with error (Is the VM working as expected thought it is taking more time to boot?) Assuming it is working but you are seeing the error on Azure portal.
This could mostly be due VM sync issues with the host.
Below are few suggestions to try and see if they help resolve the issue:
Change VM Size:
Try to Change the Size/Family of the VM from existing size to a new size, this will move the VM to a new host. And later you can try to come back to the original VM size.
- Stop the VM.
- Select the VM size and then pick a new size and click on Resize.
- Start the VM.
Redeploy VM:
- In the Azure Portal, head over to the problematic VM.
- Go to the bottom of the VM’s settings blade and click on, redeploy to start the process of redeploying the VM to a new node.
- It shouldn’t take no more than 15 minutes to redeploy the VM.
- Once completed, check if you are still seeing any errors on the portal.
Reference document.
Recreate VM:
Create a Snapshot of the OS Disk in Azure of the VM:
- Go to the VM and head over to the Disks blade.
- In the disk blade and select the OSDisk.
- In the OS Disk's menu, select create snapshot.
- In the snapshot window in Azure, name the snapshot and select the corresponding resource group.
- Click create and wait for a couple minutes.
- Once the snapshot is created, go to create resources tab.
You can use this script to create a VM from the os disk snapshot.
Also, please refer these documents for VM common errors for more information.
Understand common error messages when you manage virtual machines in Azure.
Troubleshoot deployment issues when creating a new Windows VM in Azure.
Linking similar issue for reference.
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