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Use Redis for memory storage with the Semantic Kernel SDK

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This article demonstrates how to integrate a Redis database with the RediSearch module into the Semantic Kernel SDK and use it for memory storage and retrieval.

Vector stores represent text information that has been stored alongside a precomputed embedding vector for the whole text. When an LLM is prompted to recall a memory, it uses these precomputed embeddings to efficiently evaluate whether a memory is relevant to the prompt. After the LLM finds a matching memory, it uses the memory's text information as context for the next steps in the prompt completion.

Memory storage that's added to the Semantic Kernel SDK provides a broader context for your requests. It also enables you to store data in the same manner as you store a traditional database, but query it by using natural language.

Prerequisites

Implement memory storage using a Redis database

Before you integrate your Redis database to the Semantic Kernel SDK, make sure that you have the RediSearch module enabled. For module information for Azure Cache for Redis, see Use Redis modules with Azure Cache for Redis.

  1. Initialize a connection to your Redis database. For example:

    // Retrieve the Redis connection config.
IConfigurationRoot config = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddUserSecrets<Program>().Build();
string redisConfig = config["REDIS_CONFIG"]!;

// Initialize a connection to the Redis database.
ConnectionMultiplexer connectionMultiplexer = await ConnectionMultiplexer.ConnectAsync(
    redisConfig
);
IDatabase database = connectionMultiplexer.GetDatabase();

  2. Build the Kernel by including ITextEmbeddingGenerationService. For example:

    // Retrieve the Azure OpenAI config and secrets saved during deployment.
string endpoint = config["AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT"]!;
string embeddingModel = config["AZURE_OPENAI_EMBEDDING_NAME"]!;
string completionModel = config["AZURE_OPENAI_GPT_NAME"]!;
string key = config["AZURE_OPENAI_KEY"]!;

// Build the Kernel; must add an embedding generation service.
Kernel kernel = Kernel
    .CreateBuilder()
    .AddAzureOpenAITextEmbeddingGeneration(embeddingModel, endpoint, key)
    .AddAzureOpenAIChatCompletion(completionModel, endpoint, key)
    .Build();

  3. Wrap the Redis database in a RedisMemoryStore instance, and then initialize a SemanticTextMemory object by using the memory store and embedding generation service. For example:

    // Retrieve the desired vector size for the memory store.
// If unspecified, the default vector size is 1536.
int vectorSize = int.Parse(config["REDIS_MEMORY_VECTOR_SIZE"]!);

// Initialize a memory store using the redis database
IMemoryStore memoryStore = new RedisMemoryStore(database, vectorSize);

// Retrieve the embedding service from the Kernel.
ITextEmbeddingGenerationService embeddingService =
    kernel.Services.GetRequiredService<ITextEmbeddingGenerationService>();

// Initialize a SemanticTextMemory using the memory store and embedding generation service.
SemanticTextMemory textMemory = new(memoryStore, embeddingService);

  4. Add the semantic text memory to the Kernel by using the TextMemoryPlugin class. For example:

    // Initialize a TextMemoryPlugin using the text memory.
TextMemoryPlugin memoryPlugin = new(textMemory);

// Import the text memory plugin into the Kernel.
KernelPlugin memory = kernel.ImportPluginFromObject(memoryPlugin);

  5. Use the Kernel and plug-in to save, retrieve, and recall memories. For example:

    // Retrieve the desired memory collection name.
string memoryCollectionName = config["REDIS_MEMORY_COLLECTION_NAME"]!;

// Save a memory with the Kernel.
await kernel.InvokeAsync(
    memory["Save"],
    new()
    {
        [TextMemoryPlugin.InputParam] = "My family is from New York",
        [TextMemoryPlugin.CollectionParam] = memoryCollectionName,
        [TextMemoryPlugin.KeyParam] = "info1",
    }
);

// Retrieve a memory with the Kernel.
FunctionResult result = await kernel.InvokeAsync(
    memory["Retrieve"],
    new()
    {
        [TextMemoryPlugin.CollectionParam] = memoryCollectionName,
        [TextMemoryPlugin.KeyParam] = "info1",
    }
);

// Get the memory string from the function result; returns a null value if no memory is found.
Console.WriteLine(
    $"Retrieved memory: {result.GetValue<string>() ?? "ERROR: memory not found"}"
);

// Alternatively, recall similar memories with the Kernel.
// Can configure the memory collection, number of memories to recall, and relevance score.
result = await kernel.InvokeAsync(
    memory["Recall"],
    new()
    {
        [TextMemoryPlugin.InputParam] = "Ask: where do I live?",
        [TextMemoryPlugin.CollectionParam] = memoryCollectionName,
        [TextMemoryPlugin.LimitParam] = "2",
        [TextMemoryPlugin.RelevanceParam] = "0.79",
    }
);

// If memories are recalled, the function result can be deserialized as a string[].
string? resultStr = result.GetValue<string>();
string[]? parsedResult = string.IsNullOrEmpty(resultStr)
    ? null
    : JsonSerializer.Deserialize<string[]>(resultStr);
Console.WriteLine(
    $"Recalled memories: {(parsedResult?.Length > 0 ? resultStr : "ERROR: memory not found")}"
);

  6. Use memory recall as part of a prompt by using the prompt template syntax {{...}}. For example:

    // Create a prompt that includes memory recall.
// The {{...}} syntax represents an expression to Semantic Kernel.
// For more information on this syntax see:
// https://learn.microsoft.com/semantic-kernel/prompts/prompt-template-syntax
string memoryRecallPrompt = """ 
    Consider only the facts below when answering questions:

    BEGIN FACTS
    About me: {{recall 'where did I grow up?'}}
    END FACTS

    Question: What are some fun facts about my home state?
    """;

// Invoke the prompt with the Kernel.
// Must configure the memory collection, number of memories to recall, and relevance score.
resultStr = await kernel.InvokePromptAsync<string>(
    memoryRecallPrompt,
    new()
    {
        [TextMemoryPlugin.CollectionParam] = memoryCollectionName,
        [TextMemoryPlugin.LimitParam] = "2",
        [TextMemoryPlugin.RelevanceParam] = "0.79",
    }
);

// If the memory recall fails, the model will indicate it has missing information in its output.
// Otherwise the output will incorporate your memory as context.
Console.WriteLine($"Output: {resultStr}");

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