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Automatic (Function Scope) Variables 

A variable declared within a function can only be used within the scope of that function.

// LNK2019_AV.cpp
// compile with: /c
void test(void);

static int lnktest3 = 3;
int lnktest4 = 4;

int main() {
   static int lnktest1 = 1;
   int lnktest2 = 2;
   test();
}

and then,

// LNK2019_AV_2.cpp
// compile with: LNK2019_AV.cpp
// LNK2019 expected
extern int lnktest1;
extern int lnktest2;
extern int lnktest3;
extern int lnktest4;

void test(void) {
   int i = 0;
   i = lnktest1;
   i = lnktest2;
   i = lnktest3;
   i = lnktest4;   // OK
}

See Also

Reference

Linker Tools Error LNK2019