Walkthrough: Using Authentication Service with Silverlight Navigation Application

Article
08/19/2013

[WCF RIA Services Version 1 Service Pack 2 is compatible with either .NET framework 4 or .NET Framework 4.5, and with either Silverlight 4 or Silverlight 5.]

In this walkthrough, you learn how to set up your server and client projects in an WCF RIA Services solution to work with an authentication service. When you create a solution with the Silverlight Navigation Application template and enable RIA Services, you can access the ASP.NET Membership framework by adding an authentication service. The authentication service exposes authentication, roles, and profiles from the server project to the client project. You use the authentication service to validate user credentials, restrict access to resources based on roles, and store profile properties.

Note

The Silverlight Business Application automatically implements the authentication service. For more information, see Walkthrough: Using Authentication Service with Silverlight Business Application.

Prerequisites

This and the other walkthroughs presented in the RIA Services documentation require several prerequisite programs, such as Visual Studio 2010 and the Silverlight Developer Runtime and SDK, be installed and configured properly, in addition to WCF RIA Services and the WCF RIA Services Toolkit. They also require installing and configuring SQL Server 2008 R2 Express with Advanced Services and installing the AdventureWorks OLTP and LT database.

Detailed instructions for the satisfaction of each of these prerequisites are provided by the topics within the Prerequisites for WCF RIA Services node. Follow the instructions provided there before proceeding with this walkthrough to ensure that you encounter as few problems as possible when working through this RIA Services walkthroughs.

Configuring the Server Project for Authentication, Roles, and Profiles

To use the authentication service from a Silverlight application, you must configure the authentication on the server project. You configure authentication in the Web.config file. After configuring authentication, you can also configure roles and profiles on the server project, if you want to use those features from the Silverlight application. In this walkthrough, you will configure all three features. Finally, you add an authentication service which exposes the enabled features to the client.

To configure the server project

In Visual Studio 2010, select File, New, and then Project.

The New Project dialog box appears.
Select the Silverlight project type.
Select the Silverlight Navigation Application template and name the application ExampleNavigationApplication.
Click OK.

The New Silverlight Application dialog box appears.
Make sure that the Host the Silverlight application in a new Web site check box is selected and that the New Web project type is set to ASP.NET Web Application Project.
Select the Enable WCF RIA Services check box.
Click OK to create the solution.
In the server project (ExampleBusinessApplication.Web), open the Web.config file.
In the <system.web> element, add an <authentication> element and set the mode property to Forms.
```
<authentication mode="Forms"></authentication>
```
In the <system.web> element, add a <roleManager> element and set the enabled property to true.
```
<roleManager enabled="true"></roleManager>
```

In the <system.web> element, add a <profile> element, set the enabled property to true, and include a profile property named DefaultRows.

<profile enabled="true">
  <properties>
    <add type="System.Int32" defaultValue="10" name="DefaultRows"/>
  </properties>
</profile>

The completed <system.web> element should include the following elements.

<system.web>
  <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  <authentication mode="Forms"></authentication>
  <roleManager enabled="true"></roleManager>
  <profile enabled="true">
    <properties>
      <add type="System.Int32" defaultValue="10" name="DefaultRows"/>
    </properties>
  </profile>
</system.web>

Save the Web.config file.
In the Solution Explorer, right-click the server project, select Add and then New Item.

The Add New Item dialog box appears.
Select the Authentication Domain Service template and name it AuthenticationDomainService.
Click Add.

Open the authentication service code file (AuthenticationDomainService.cs or AuthenticationDomainService.vb) and add the DefaultRows property that you defined in the Web.config file to the User class.

<EnableClientAccess()> _
Public Class AuthenticationDomainService
    Inherits AuthenticationBase(Of User)

End Class

Public Class User
    Inherits UserBase

    Public Property DefaultRows As Integer

End Class

[EnableClientAccess]
public class AuthenticationDomainService : AuthenticationBase<User>
{
}

public class User : UserBase
{
    public int DefaultRows { get; set; }
}

Build the solution.

In this section, you will use the ASP.NET Web Site Administration Tool to create a user and role. You will login as this user in a later section.

To add users with the ASP.NET Web Site Administration Tool

To open the ASP.NET Web Site Administration Tool, first select the server project in the Solution Explorer.
On the Project menu, select ASP.NET Configuration.

If you do not see the ASP.NET Configuration option in the Project menu, it may be because you have selected the client project.
Select the Security tab in ASP.NET Web Site Administration Tool.
In the Roles section, click the Create or Mange roles link.
Add a new role named Managers and click the Add Role button.
In the lower-right corner, click the Back button.
In the Users section, click the Create user link.
Create a new user with the following values and select the Managers role check box.

User Name: CustomerManager

Password: P@ssword

E-mail: someone@example.com

Security Question: Favorite color?

Security Answer: Blue

Managers role: selected
Click the Create User button.
Close the ASP.NET Web Site Administration Tool.

Configuring the Client for Authentication

You must configure the client project to use the authentication mode that matches the authentication mode you configured in the server project.

To configure the client project

In the client project, open the code-behind file for the App.xaml file (App.xaml.cs or App.xaml.vb).
In the constructor, create a new instance of the WebContext class.

Set the Authentication property to a new instance of the FormsAuthentication class, and add the WebContext instance to the ApplicationLifetimeObjects.

Public Sub New()
    InitializeComponent()

    Dim webcontext As New WebContext
    webcontext.Authentication = New System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.ApplicationServices.FormsAuthentication
    Me.ApplicationLifetimeObjects.Add(webcontext)
End Sub

public App()
{
    this.Startup += this.Application_Startup;
    this.UnhandledException += this.Application_UnhandledException;

    InitializeComponent();

    WebContext webcontext = new WebContext();
    webcontext.Authentication = new System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.ApplicationServices.FormsAuthentication();
    this.ApplicationLifetimeObjects.Add(webcontext);
}

In this section, you will add Silverlight controls that enable the user to provide user name and password for logging in. You will add code that calls the Login method with the user's credentials. You will also set which controls are visible based on whether the user is logged in.

For simplicity, the login user interface is added to the Home page in this walkthrough. In your application, you may want to create a separate login page.

In Solution Explorer, expand the Views folder in the client project.
Open the Home.xaml file.

After the TextBlock named ContentText, add the following XAML.

The XAML includes a TextBox for providing a user name, a PasswordBox for providing a password, a Button for submitting the login request, and a TextBlock and HyperlinkButton for logging out which are only displayed after the user has logged in.

<TextBlock x:Name="WelcomeText" Style="{StaticResource ContentTextStyle}" Visibility="Collapsed"></TextBlock>
<HyperlinkButton x:Name="LogoutButton" 
                 Content="Logout" 
                 Click="LogoutButton_Click" 
                 Visibility="Collapsed">
</HyperlinkButton>
<Border x:Name="LoginBorder" 
        Margin="10,10,0,0" 
        BorderThickness="2" 
        BorderBrush="Black" 
        HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
        CornerRadius="15" 
        Padding="10" 
        Background="BlanchedAlmond" 
        Width="300">
    <Grid HorizontalAlignment="Left">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30" ></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
            <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" 
                   Grid.ColumnSpan="2" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   FontWeight="Bold" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Log In Existing User">
        </TextBlock>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="User Name: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <TextBox x:Name="UserName" 
                 VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                 Grid.Row="1" 
                 Grid.Column="1"  
                 Width="100">
        </TextBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Password: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <PasswordBox x:Name="Password" 
                     VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                     Grid.Row="2" 
                     Grid.Column="1"  
                     Width="100">
        </PasswordBox>
        <TextBlock x:Name="LoginResult" 
                   TextWrapping="Wrap" 
                   Visibility="Collapsed" 
                   Grid.Row="3" 
                   Grid.ColumnSpan="2" 
                   Foreground="Red">
        </TextBlock>
        <Button x:Name="LoginButton" 
                Margin="0,5,0,0" 
                Grid.Row="4" 
                Grid.Column="1" 
                Content="Log In" 
                Click="LoginButton_Click">
        </Button>
    </Grid>
</Border>

Open the code-behind file for the home page (Home.xaml.cs or Home.xaml.vb).
Add a using or an Imports statement for the System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.ApplicationServices namespace.

Add the following code to the Home class.

The code includes event handlers for logging in and logging out, callback methods for completed login and logout operations, and a method that set the visibility of controls based on whether the user is authenticated.

Protected Overrides Sub OnNavigatedTo(ByVal e As System.Windows.Navigation.NavigationEventArgs)
    SetControlVisibility(WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated)
End Sub

Private Sub LoginButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
    Dim lp As LoginParameters = New LoginParameters(UserName.Text, Password.Password)
    WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, AddressOf Me.LoginOperation_Completed, Nothing)
    LoginButton.IsEnabled = False
    LoginResult.Text = ""
End Sub

Private Sub LoginOperation_Completed(ByVal lo As LoginOperation)
    If (lo.HasError) Then
        LoginResult.Text = lo.Error.Message
        LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        lo.MarkErrorAsHandled()
    ElseIf (lo.LoginSuccess = False) Then
        LoginResult.Text = "Login failed. Please check user name and password."
        LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
    ElseIf (lo.LoginSuccess = True) Then
        SetControlVisibility(True)
    End If
    LoginButton.IsEnabled = True
End Sub

Private Sub SetControlVisibility(ByVal isAuthenticated As Boolean)
    If (isAuthenticated) Then
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        WelcomeText.Text = "Welcome " + WebContext.Current.User.Name
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
    Else
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
    End If
End Sub

Private Sub LogoutButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
    WebContext.Current.Authentication.Logout(AddressOf Me.LogoutOperation_Completed, Nothing)
End Sub

Private Sub LogoutOperation_Completed(ByVal lo As LogoutOperation)
    If (Not (lo.HasError)) Then
        SetControlVisibility(False)
    Else
        Dim ew As ErrorWindow = New ErrorWindow("Logout failed.", "Please try logging out again.")
        ew.Show()
        lo.MarkErrorAsHandled()
    End If
End Sub

protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
{
    SetControlVisibility(WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated);
}

private void LoginButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    LoginParameters lp = new LoginParameters(UserName.Text, Password.Password);
    WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, this.LoginOperation_Completed, null);
    LoginButton.IsEnabled = false;
    LoginResult.Text = "";
}

private void LoginOperation_Completed(LoginOperation lo)
{
    if (lo.HasError)
    {
        LoginResult.Text = lo.Error.Message;
        LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        lo.MarkErrorAsHandled();
    }
    else if (lo.LoginSuccess == false)
    {
        LoginResult.Text = "Login failed. Please check user name and password.";
        LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
    }
    else if (lo.LoginSuccess == true)
    {
        SetControlVisibility(true);
    }
    LoginButton.IsEnabled = true;
}

private void SetControlVisibility(bool isAuthenticated)
{
    if (isAuthenticated)
    {
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
        WelcomeText.Text = "Welcome " + WebContext.Current.User.Name;
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
    }
    else
    {
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
    }
}

private void LogoutButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    WebContext.Current.Authentication.Logout(this.LogoutOperation_Completed, null);
}

private void LogoutOperation_Completed(LogoutOperation lo)
{

    if (!lo.HasError)
    {
        SetControlVisibility(false);
    }
    else
    {
        ErrorWindow ew = new ErrorWindow("Logout failed.", "Please try logging out again.");
        ew.Show();
        lo.MarkErrorAsHandled();
    }
}

Run the solution.
Log in as CustomerManager with P@ssword for the password.

Notice that the Login area is no longer displayed, but the welcome text and logout link are now displayed.
Click Logout link and close Web browser.

Adding New Users from the Client

The authentication service does not contain an operation to create new users. To register a new user, you create an empty domain service and add an operation for adding a user to the ASP.NET Membership framework.

To configure the server project for adding a new user

In the server project, add a new class file named NewUser.

Define the properties for registering a new user by adding the following code to the NewUser class.

Imports System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations

Public Class NewUser

    <Key()> _
    <Required()> _
    <RegularExpression("^[a-zA-Z0-9_]*$", ErrorMessage:="Invalid user name. It must contain only alphanumeric characters")> _
    Public Property UserName As String

    <Key()> _
    <Required()> _
    <RegularExpression("^([\w-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([\w-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$", ErrorMessage:="Invalid email. An email must use the format username@mycompany.com")> _
    Public Property Email As String

    <Required()> _
    <RegularExpression("^.*[^a-zA-Z0-9].*$", ErrorMessage:="A password needs to contain at least one special character e.g. @ or #")> _
    <StringLength(50, MinimumLength:=7, ErrorMessage:="Invalid password. It must be contain at least 7 characters and no more than 50 characters.")> _
    Public Property Password As String

    <Required()> _
    <CustomValidation(GetType(RegistrationValidator), "IsPasswordConfirmed")> _
    Public Property ConfirmPassword As String

    <Range(1, 20)> _
    Public Property RecordsToShow As Integer

    <Required()> _
    Public Property SecurityQuestion As String

    <Required()> _
    Public Property SecurityAnswer As String
End Class

using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace ExampleNavigationApplication.Web
{
    public class NewUser
    {
        [Key]
        [Required()]
        [RegularExpression("^[a-zA-Z0-9_]*$", ErrorMessage="Invalid user name. It must contain only alphanumeric characters")]
        public string UserName { get; set; }

        [Key]
        [Required()]
        [RegularExpression(@"^([\w-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([\w-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$", ErrorMessage="Invalid email. An email must use the format username@mycompany.com")]
        public string Email { get; set; }

        [Required()]
        [RegularExpression("^.*[^a-zA-Z0-9].*$", ErrorMessage="A password needs to contain at least one special character e.g. @ or #")]
        [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 7, ErrorMessage="Invalid password. It must be contain at least 7 characters and no more than 50 characters.")]
        public string Password { get; set; }

        [Required()]
        [CustomValidation(typeof(RegistrationValidator), "IsPasswordConfirmed")]
        public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }

        [Range(1, 20)]
        public int RecordsToShow { get; set; }

        [Required()]
        public string SecurityQuestion { get; set; }

        [Required()]
        public string SecurityAnswer { get; set; }
    }
}

The ConfirmPassword property in the previous step is defined with a CustomValidationAttribute attribute. In the attribute, it specifies a RegistrationValidator class and a method named IsPasswordConfirmed. You must now define this custom validation class.

Add a new class named RegistrationValidator.shared.cs or RegistrationValidator.shared.vb.

Add the following code to the RegistrationValidator.shared file.

Imports System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations

Public Class RegistrationValidator
    Public Shared Function IsPasswordConfirmed(ByVal confirmPassword As String, ByVal context As ValidationContext) As ValidationResult
        Dim data As Web.NewUser = CType(context.ObjectInstance, Web.NewUser)
        If (data.Password = confirmPassword) Then
            Return ValidationResult.Success
        Else
            Return New ValidationResult("Please confirm your password by providing it again.")
        End If
    End Function
End Class

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace ExampleNavigationApplication.Web
{
    public class RegistrationValidator
    {
        public static ValidationResult IsPasswordConfirmed(string confirmPassword, ValidationContext context)
        {
            NewUser data = (NewUser)context.ObjectInstance;
            if (data.Password == confirmPassword)
            {
                return ValidationResult.Success;
            }
            else
            {
                return new ValidationResult("Please confirm your password by providing it again.");
            }
        }
    }
}

Add a new item to the server project and select the Domain Service Class template.
Name the file RegistrationDomainService.cs or RegistrationDomainService.vb and then click the Add button.
In the Add New Domain Service Class dialog box, select <empty domain service class> from the Available DataContexts/ObjectContexts list.
Click OK.

To create a domain operation that adds a new user through the Membership framework and saves a profile property, add the following code to the RegistrationDomainService class.

The GetUsers method must be included to ensure that the NewUser entity class is generated for the client project. Only classes that are exposed through a public query operation are generated in the client project.

After creating the user, the profile property named DefaultRows is set. In this case, the profile property is set as part of the domain operation for creating a user. In a later section, you will add code to set the profile property from the client project.

Option Compare Binary
Option Infer On
Option Strict On
Option Explicit On

Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Hosting
Imports System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Server
Imports System.Web.Profile

<EnableClientAccess()>  _
Public Class RegistrationDomainService
    Inherits DomainService

    Public Sub AddUser(ByVal user As NewUser)
        Dim createStatus As MembershipCreateStatus
        Membership.CreateUser(user.UserName, user.Password, user.Email, user.SecurityQuestion, user.SecurityAnswer, True, Nothing, createStatus)

        If (createStatus <> MembershipCreateStatus.Success) Then
            Throw New DomainException(createStatus.ToString())
        End If

        Dim profile = ProfileBase.Create(user.UserName, True)
        profile.SetPropertyValue("DefaultRows", user.RecordsToShow)
        profile.Save()
    End Sub

    Public Function GetUsers() As IEnumerable(Of NewUser)
        Throw New NotSupportedException()
    End Function
End Class

namespace ExampleNavigationApplication.Web
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Hosting;
    using System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Server;
    using System.Web.Security;
    using System.Web.Profile;


    [EnableClientAccess()]
    public class RegistrationDomainService : DomainService
    {
        public void AddUser(NewUser user)
        {
            MembershipCreateStatus createStatus;
            Membership.CreateUser(user.UserName, user.Password, user.Email, user.SecurityQuestion, user.SecurityAnswer, true, null, out createStatus);

            if (createStatus != MembershipCreateStatus.Success)
            {
                throw new DomainException(createStatus.ToString());
            }

            ProfileBase profile = ProfileBase.Create(user.UserName, true);
            profile.SetPropertyValue("DefaultRows", user.RecordsToShow);
            profile.Save();
        }

        public IEnumerable<NewUser> GetUsers()
        {
            throw new NotSupportedException();
        }
    }  
}

To configure the client project for adding new users

Open the Home.xaml file.

After the end tag for the LoginBorderBorder control, add the following XAML to create a second Border control with input controls to collect information for creating new users.

The controls accept values for user name, password, password confirmation, e-mail address, security question, security answer, and the number of records to show on reports. The number of records to display will be saved as a profile property. All of the other values are used to create the user through ASP.NET Membership framework.

<Border x:Name="RegisterBorder" 
        Margin="10,10,0,0" 
        BorderThickness="2" 
        BorderBrush="Black" 
        HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
        CornerRadius="15" 
        Padding="10" 
        Background="BurlyWood" 
        Width="400">
    <Grid HorizontalAlignment="Left">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30" ></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="30"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
            <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

        <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" 
                   Grid.ColumnSpan="2" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   FontWeight="Bold" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Register New User">
        </TextBlock>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="User Name: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <TextBox x:Name="NewUsername" 
                 VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                 HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
                 Grid.Row="1" 
                 Grid.Column="1"  
                 Width="100">
        </TextBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Password: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <PasswordBox x:Name="NewPassword" 
                     VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                     HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
                     Grid.Row="2" 
                     Grid.Column="1"  
                     Width="100">
        </PasswordBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="3" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Confirm Password: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <PasswordBox x:Name="NewConfirmPassword" 
                     HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
                     VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                     Grid.Row="3" 
                     Grid.Column="1"  
                     Width="100">
        </PasswordBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="4" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Email: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <TextBox x:Name="NewEmail" 
                 VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                 Grid.Row="4" 
                 Grid.Column="1"  
                 Width="200">
        </TextBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="5" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Records to show: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <ComboBox Grid.Row="5" 
                  Grid.Column="1" 
                  x:Name="DefaultRows" 
                  HorizontalAlignment="Left" 
                  Width="50" 
                  Height="20" 
                  VerticalAlignment="Center">
            <ComboBoxItem Content="1"></ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem Content="3"></ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem Content="5"></ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem Content="10" IsSelected="True"></ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem Content="15"></ComboBoxItem>
            <ComboBoxItem Content="20"></ComboBoxItem>
        </ComboBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="6" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Security Question: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <TextBox x:Name="SecurityQuestion" 
                 VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                 Grid.Row="6" 
                 Grid.Column="1"  
                 Width="200">
        </TextBox>
        <TextBlock Grid.Row="7" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
                   Grid.Column="0" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   Text="Security Answer: ">
        </TextBlock>
        <TextBox x:Name="SecurityAnswer" 
                 VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                 Grid.Row="7" 
                 Grid.Column="1"  
                 Width="200">
        </TextBox>
        <TextBlock x:Name="registerResult" 
                   TextWrapping="Wrap" 
                   Visibility="Collapsed" 
                   Grid.Row="8" 
                   Grid.ColumnSpan="2" 
                   Foreground="Red">
        </TextBlock>
        <Button x:Name="RegisterButton" 
                Click="RegisterButton_Click" 
                Margin="0,5,0,0" 
                Grid.Row="9" 
                Grid.Column="1" 
                Content="Register" >
        </Button>
    </Grid>
</Border>

Open the Home.xaml.cs (or Home.xaml.vb) code-behind file.
Add a using or an Imports statement for the System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client, System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations, and ExampleNavigationApplication.Web namespaces.

Add an event handler for the register button click event and add a callback method for domain operation. The callback method includes code to login the user after successfully creating the user account.

Private Sub RegisterButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
    RegisterButton.IsEnabled = False
    Dim context = New RegistrationDomainContext()
    Dim nu = New NewUser()
    Try
        nu.UserName = NewUsername.Text
        nu.Password = NewPassword.Password
        nu.Email = NewEmail.Text
        nu.ConfirmPassword = NewConfirmPassword.Password
        nu.RecordsToShow = Integer.Parse(DefaultRows.SelectionBoxItem.ToString())
        nu.SecurityQuestion = SecurityQuestion.Text
        nu.SecurityAnswer = SecurityAnswer.Text
        context.NewUsers.Add(nu)

        context.SubmitChanges(AddressOf RegisterUser_Completed, Nothing)
    Catch ve As ValidationException
        registerResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        registerResult.Text = ve.Message
        RegisterButton.IsEnabled = True
    End Try
End Sub

Private Sub RegisterUser_Completed(ByVal so As SubmitOperation)
    If (so.HasError) Then
        Dim ew = New ErrorWindow("Registration failed.", "Please try registering again.")
        ew.Show()
        so.MarkErrorAsHandled()
    Else
        Dim lp = New LoginParameters(NewUsername.Text, NewPassword.Password)
        WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, AddressOf Me.LoginOperation_Completed, Nothing)
        NewUsername.Text = ""
        NewPassword.Password = ""
        NewConfirmPassword.Password = ""
        NewEmail.Text = ""
        DefaultRows.SelectedIndex = 0
        SecurityQuestion.Text = ""
        SecurityAnswer.Text = ""
    End If
    RegisterButton.IsEnabled = True
End Sub

private void RegisterButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    RegisterButton.IsEnabled = false;
    RegistrationDomainContext context = new RegistrationDomainContext();
    NewUser nu = new NewUser();
    try
    {
        nu.UserName = NewUsername.Text;
        nu.Password = NewPassword.Password;
        nu.Email = NewEmail.Text;
        nu.ConfirmPassword = NewConfirmPassword.Password;
        nu.RecordsToShow = int.Parse(DefaultRows.SelectionBoxItem.ToString());
        nu.SecurityQuestion = SecurityQuestion.Text;
        nu.SecurityAnswer = SecurityAnswer.Text;
        context.NewUsers.Add(nu);

        context.SubmitChanges(RegisterUser_Completed, null);
    }
    catch (ValidationException ve)
    {
        registerResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        registerResult.Text = ve.Message;
        RegisterButton.IsEnabled = true;
    }
}

private void RegisterUser_Completed(SubmitOperation so)
{
    if (so.HasError)
    {
        ErrorWindow ew = new ErrorWindow("Registration failed.", "Please try registering again.");
        ew.Show();
        so.MarkErrorAsHandled();
    }
    else
    {
        LoginParameters lp = new LoginParameters(NewUsername.Text, NewPassword.Password);
        WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, this.LoginOperation_Completed, null);
        NewUsername.Text = "";
        NewPassword.Password = "";
        NewConfirmPassword.Password = "";
        NewEmail.Text = "";
        DefaultRows.SelectedIndex = 0;
        SecurityQuestion.Text = "";
        SecurityAnswer.Text = "";
    }
    RegisterButton.IsEnabled = true;
}

Modify the SetControlVisibility method to set the visibility of RegisterBorder, as shown in the following code.

Private Sub SetControlVisibility(ByVal isAuthenticated As Boolean)
    If (isAuthenticated) Then
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        RegisterBorder.Visibility = Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        WelcomeText.Text = "Welcome " + WebContext.Current.User.Name
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
    Else
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        RegisterBorder.Visibility = Windows.Visibility.Visible
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
    End If
End Sub

private void SetControlVisibility(bool isAuthenticated)
{
    if (isAuthenticated)
    {
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
        RegisterBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
        WelcomeText.Text = "Welcome " + WebContext.Current.User.Name;
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
    }
    else
    {
        LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        RegisterBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
        WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
        LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
    }
}

The following shows the complete code-behind file.

Imports System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.ApplicationServices
Imports System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client
Imports System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations

Partial Public Class Home
    Inherits Page

    Public Sub New()
        InitializeComponent()
    End Sub

    Protected Overrides Sub OnNavigatedTo(ByVal e As System.Windows.Navigation.NavigationEventArgs)
        SetControlVisibility(WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated)
    End Sub

    Private Sub LoginButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        Dim lp As LoginParameters = New LoginParameters(UserName.Text, Password.Password)
        WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, AddressOf Me.LoginOperation_Completed, Nothing)
        LoginButton.IsEnabled = False
        LoginResult.Text = ""
    End Sub

    Private Sub LoginOperation_Completed(ByVal lo As LoginOperation)
        If (lo.HasError) Then
            LoginResult.Text = lo.Error.Message
            LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
            lo.MarkErrorAsHandled()
        ElseIf (lo.LoginSuccess = False) Then
            LoginResult.Text = "Login failed. Please check user name and password."
            LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        ElseIf (lo.LoginSuccess = True) Then
            SetControlVisibility(True)
        End If
        LoginButton.IsEnabled = True
    End Sub

    Private Sub SetControlVisibility(ByVal isAuthenticated As Boolean)
        If (isAuthenticated) Then
            LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
            RegisterBorder.Visibility = Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
            WelcomeText.Text = "Welcome " + WebContext.Current.User.Name
            WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
            LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        Else
            LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
            RegisterBorder.Visibility = Windows.Visibility.Visible
            WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
            LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub LogoutButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        WebContext.Current.Authentication.Logout(AddressOf Me.LogoutOperation_Completed, Nothing)
    End Sub

    Private Sub LogoutOperation_Completed(ByVal lo As LogoutOperation)
        If (Not (lo.HasError)) Then
            SetControlVisibility(False)
        Else
            Dim ew As ErrorWindow = New ErrorWindow("Logout failed.", "Please try logging out again.")
            ew.Show()
            lo.MarkErrorAsHandled()
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub RegisterButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        RegisterButton.IsEnabled = False
        Dim context = New RegistrationDomainContext()
        Dim nu = New NewUser()
        Try
            nu.UserName = NewUsername.Text
            nu.Password = NewPassword.Password
            nu.Email = NewEmail.Text
            nu.ConfirmPassword = NewConfirmPassword.Password
            nu.RecordsToShow = Integer.Parse(DefaultRows.SelectionBoxItem.ToString())
            nu.SecurityQuestion = SecurityQuestion.Text
            nu.SecurityAnswer = SecurityAnswer.Text
            context.NewUsers.Add(nu)

            context.SubmitChanges(AddressOf RegisterUser_Completed, Nothing)
        Catch ve As ValidationException
            registerResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
            registerResult.Text = ve.Message
            RegisterButton.IsEnabled = True
        End Try
    End Sub

    Private Sub RegisterUser_Completed(ByVal so As SubmitOperation)
        If (so.HasError) Then
            Dim ew = New ErrorWindow("Registration failed.", "Please try registering again.")
            ew.Show()
            so.MarkErrorAsHandled()
        Else
            Dim lp = New LoginParameters(NewUsername.Text, NewPassword.Password)
            WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, AddressOf Me.LoginOperation_Completed, Nothing)
            NewUsername.Text = ""
            NewPassword.Password = ""
            NewConfirmPassword.Password = ""
            NewEmail.Text = ""
            DefaultRows.SelectedIndex = 0
            SecurityQuestion.Text = ""
            SecurityAnswer.Text = ""
        End If
        RegisterButton.IsEnabled = True
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client.ApplicationServices;
using System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using ExampleNavigationApplication.Web;

namespace ExampleNavigationApplication
{
    public partial class Home : Page
    {
        public Home()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

        }

        // Executes when the user navigates to this page.
        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            SetControlVisibility(WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated);
        }

        private void LoginButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            LoginParameters lp = new LoginParameters(UserName.Text, Password.Password);
            WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, this.LoginOperation_Completed, null);
            LoginButton.IsEnabled = false;
            LoginResult.Text = "";
        }

        private void LoginOperation_Completed(LoginOperation lo)
        {
            if (lo.HasError)
            {
                LoginResult.Text = lo.Error.Message;
                LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
                lo.MarkErrorAsHandled();
            }
            else if (lo.LoginSuccess == false)
            {
                LoginResult.Text = "Login failed. Please check user name and password.";
                LoginResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
            }
            else if (lo.LoginSuccess == true)
            {
                SetControlVisibility(true);
            }
            LoginButton.IsEnabled = true;
        }

        private void SetControlVisibility(bool isAuthenticated)
        {
            if (isAuthenticated)
            {
                LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
                RegisterBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
                WelcomeText.Text = "Welcome " + WebContext.Current.User.Name;
                WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
                LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
            }
            else
            {
                LoginBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
                RegisterBorder.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
                WelcomeText.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
                LogoutButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
            }
        }

        private void LogoutButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            WebContext.Current.Authentication.Logout(this.LogoutOperation_Completed, null);
        }

        private void LogoutOperation_Completed(LogoutOperation lo)
        {

            if (!lo.HasError)
            {
                SetControlVisibility(false);
            }
            else
            {
                ErrorWindow ew = new ErrorWindow("Logout failed.", "Please try logging out again.");
                ew.Show();
                lo.MarkErrorAsHandled();
            }
        }

        private void RegisterButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            RegisterButton.IsEnabled = false;
            RegistrationDomainContext context = new RegistrationDomainContext();
            NewUser nu = new NewUser();
            try
            {
                nu.UserName = NewUsername.Text;
                nu.Password = NewPassword.Password;
                nu.Email = NewEmail.Text;
                nu.ConfirmPassword = NewConfirmPassword.Password;
                nu.RecordsToShow = int.Parse(DefaultRows.SelectionBoxItem.ToString());
                nu.SecurityQuestion = SecurityQuestion.Text;
                nu.SecurityAnswer = SecurityAnswer.Text;
                context.NewUsers.Add(nu);

                context.SubmitChanges(RegisterUser_Completed, null);
            }
            catch (ValidationException ve)
            {
                registerResult.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
                registerResult.Text = ve.Message;
                RegisterButton.IsEnabled = true;
            }
        }

        private void RegisterUser_Completed(SubmitOperation so)
        {
            if (so.HasError)
            {
                ErrorWindow ew = new ErrorWindow("Registration failed.", "Please try registering again.");
                ew.Show();
                so.MarkErrorAsHandled();
            }
            else
            {
                LoginParameters lp = new LoginParameters(NewUsername.Text, NewPassword.Password);
                WebContext.Current.Authentication.Login(lp, this.LoginOperation_Completed, null);
                NewUsername.Text = "";
                NewPassword.Password = "";
                NewConfirmPassword.Password = "";
                NewEmail.Text = "";
                DefaultRows.SelectedIndex = 0;
                SecurityQuestion.Text = "";
                SecurityAnswer.Text = "";
            }
            RegisterButton.IsEnabled = true;
        }
    }
}

Run the solution.
Provide values to register a new user.
Close the Web browser.

Restricting Access to Domain Operations

You restrict access to a domain operation by applying either the RequiresAuthenticationAttribute attribute or the RequiresRoleAttribute attribute to the domain operation. Domain operations without an attribute are available to all users. Applying an attribute to domain operation does not prevent the user from calling the domain operation; however, users without the required credentials will receive an exception.

To restrict displayed data by roles

In Solution Explorer, select the server project and click the Show All Files button.
Right-click the App_Data folder and select Include in Project.
Right-click the App_Data folder, select Add and then Existing Item.
In the Add Existing Item dialog box, add the AdventureWorksLT sample database.
In the server project, add a new item and select the ADO.NET Entity Data Model template.
Name the model AdventureWorksModel.edmx and click Add.

The Entity Data Model Wizard appears.
Select the Generate from database option and then click Next.
Select the AdventureWorksLT database and then click Next.
From the list of database objects, select the Customer, Product, and SalesOrderHeader tables, and then click Finish.

The entity data model appears in the designer.
Build the solution.
In the server project, add a new item and select the Domain Service Class template.
Name the domain service AdventureWorksDomainService and then click Add.
In the Add New Domain Service Class dialog box, select the Customer, Product, and SalesOrderHeader entities.
Click OK to finish creating the domain service.

In the AdventureWorksDomainService class file, add the RequiresAuthenticationAttribute attribute to GetSalesOrderHeader method.

<RequiresAuthentication()> _
Public Function GetSalesOrderHeaders() As IQueryable(Of SalesOrderHeader)
    Return Me.ObjectContext.SalesOrderHeaders
End Function

[RequiresAuthentication()]
public IQueryable<SalesOrderHeader> GetSalesOrderHeaders()
{
    return this.ObjectContext.SalesOrderHeaders;
}

Add the RequiresRoleAttribute attribute to the GetCustomers method, and set the name of the required role to "Managers".

<RequiresRole("Managers")> _
Public Function GetCustomers() As IQueryable(Of Customer)
    Return Me.ObjectContext.Customers
End Function

[RequiresRole("Managers")]
public IQueryable<Customer> GetCustomers()
{
    return this.ObjectContext.Customers;
}

The GetProducts domain operation is available to any user, GetSalesOrderHeaders is available to authenticated users, and GetCustomers is available to only users in the Managers role.

The following shows the complete domain service.

<EnableClientAccess()>  _
Public Class AdventureWorksDomainService
    Inherits LinqToEntitiesDomainService(Of AdventureWorksLT_DataEntities)

    <RequiresRole("Managers")> _
    Public Function GetCustomers() As IQueryable(Of Customer)
        Return Me.ObjectContext.Customers
    End Function

    Public Function GetProducts() As IQueryable(Of Product)
        Return Me.ObjectContext.Products
    End Function

    <RequiresAuthentication()> _
    Public Function GetSalesOrderHeaders() As IQueryable(Of SalesOrderHeader)
        Return Me.ObjectContext.SalesOrderHeaders
    End Function
End Class

[EnableClientAccess()]
public class AdventureWorksDomainService : LinqToEntitiesDomainService<AdventureWorksLT_DataEntities>
{
    [RequiresRole("Managers")]
    public IQueryable<Customer> GetCustomers()
    {
        return this.ObjectContext.Customers;
    }

    public IQueryable<Product> GetProducts()
    {
        return this.ObjectContext.Products;
    }

    [RequiresAuthentication()]
    public IQueryable<SalesOrderHeader> GetSalesOrderHeaders()
    {
        return this.ObjectContext.SalesOrderHeaders;
    }
}

Using the Authentication Service from the Client

Before calling a domain operation with restricted permissions, you should check that the user has the required credentials; otherwise, an exception is thrown. In this section, you will check the user's credentials and populate from one to three DataGrid controls based on the user's credentials. You will also retrieve the number of records based on a property in the user profile. A default value of 10 is used for users that are not authenticated. This section does not include a way for users to set the DefaultRows profile property, but you will add that in a later section.

To add a Silverlight Page for displaying data

In the client project, add a new item to the Views folder.
Select the Silverlight Page template and name the new page Reports.xaml.

Open the MainPage.xaml file and add a link for the Reports page by adding the following XAML after the HyperlinkButton named Link2 that links to the About page.

 <Rectangle x:Name="Divider2" Style="{StaticResource DividerStyle}"/>

 <HyperlinkButton x:Name="Link3" Style="{StaticResource LinkStyle}" 
NavigateUri="/Reports" TargetName="ContentFrame" Content="reports"/>

Open the Reports.xaml file, and add the following XAML inside the Grid tags to match the formatting of the other pages in the site, and to include a HyperlinkButton control that will launch a window for editing a profile property.

<ScrollViewer x:Name="PageScrollViewer" Style="{StaticResource PageScrollViewerStyle}">

    <StackPanel x:Name="ContentStackPanel">

        <TextBlock x:Name="HeaderText" 
                   Style="{StaticResource HeaderTextStyle}"
                   Text="Reports"/>
        <TextBlock x:Name="ContentText" 
                   Style="{StaticResource ContentTextStyle}"
                   Text="Display reports based on user permissions"/>
        <HyperlinkButton x:Name="SettingsButton" 
                         Content="Adjust Settings" 
                         Click="SettingsButton_Click" 
                         Visibility="Collapsed">
        </HyperlinkButton>

    </StackPanel>

</ScrollViewer>

Drag three DataGrid controls from the Toolbox to just before the end tag of the stack panel named ContentStackPanel.

When you drag the DataGrid controls from the Toolbox, a reference to the System.Windows.Controls.Data assembly is added to the project and a prefix for the System.Windows.Controls namespace is added to the page.

Name the DataGrid controls ProductsGrid, SalesOrdersGrid, and CustomersGrid and set Margin to 5.

The following example shows the complete Reports.xaml file.

<navigation:Page 
      x:Class="ExampleNavigationApplication.Views.Reports"
      xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
      xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
      xmlns:d="https://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
      xmlns:data="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Data"
      xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
      mc:Ignorable="d"
      xmlns:navigation="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Navigation"
      d:DesignWidth="640" 
      d:DesignHeight="480"
      Title="Reports Page">

    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot">
        <ScrollViewer x:Name="PageScrollViewer" Style="{StaticResource PageScrollViewerStyle}">

            <StackPanel x:Name="ContentStackPanel">

                <TextBlock x:Name="HeaderText" 
                           Style="{StaticResource HeaderTextStyle}"
                           Text="Reports"/>
                <TextBlock x:Name="ContentText" 
                           Style="{StaticResource ContentTextStyle}"
                           Text="Display reports based on user permissions"/>
        <HyperlinkButton x:Name="SettingsButton" 
                                 Content="Adjust Settings" 
                                 Click="SettingsButton_Click" 
                                 Visibility="Collapsed">
                </HyperlinkButton>
                <data:DataGrid Name="ProductsGrid" Margin="5" />
                <data:DataGrid Name="SalesOrdersGrid" Margin="5" />
                <data:DataGrid Name="CustomersGrid" Margin="5" />
            </StackPanel>

        </ScrollViewer>
    </Grid>
</navigation:Page>

Open the Reports.xaml.cs or Reports.xaml.vb file and add using or Imports statements for the System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client and ExampleNavigationApplication.Web namespaces.

Create an instance of the AdventureWorksDomainContext named context, and create a variable named numberOfRows that contains the number of rows to retrieve.

Private context As New AdventureWorksDomainContext
Private numberOfRows As Integer = 10

private AdventureWorksDomainContext context = new AdventureWorksDomainContext();
int numberOfRows = 10;

Add a method named LoadRestrictedReports that calls the GetSalesOrderHeaderQuery method and the GetCustomersQuery method, if the user belongs to the Managers role, and populates the corresponding data grids with the results.

If you call a domain operation when the user does not have the required credentials, the domain operation returns an exception. You can avoid this situation by checking the credentials before calling the domain operation.

Private Sub LoadRestrictedReports()
    Dim loadSales = context.Load(context.GetSalesOrderHeadersQuery().Take(numberOfRows))
    SalesOrdersGrid.ItemsSource = loadSales.Entities
    SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible

    If (WebContext.Current.User.IsInRole("Managers")) Then
        Dim loadCustomers = context.Load(context.GetCustomersQuery().Take(numberOfRows))
        CustomersGrid.ItemsSource = loadCustomers.Entities
        CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
    Else
        CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
    End If
End Sub

private void LoadRestrictedReports()
{
    LoadOperation<SalesOrderHeader> loadSales = context.Load(context.GetSalesOrderHeadersQuery().Take(numberOfRows));
    SalesOrdersGrid.ItemsSource = loadSales.Entities;
    SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;

    if (WebContext.Current.User.IsInRole("Managers"))
    {
        LoadOperation<Customer> loadCustomers = context.Load(context.GetCustomersQuery().Take(numberOfRows));
        CustomersGrid.ItemsSource = loadCustomers.Entities;
        CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
    }
    else
    {
        CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
    }
}

Add a method named LoadReports that checks whether the user is authenticated and, if so, calls LoadRestrictedReports method. It also retrieves the profile property named DefaultRows and adds an event handler for the PropertyChanged event on the User object. Finally, it calls the GetProductsQuery method for all users.

Private Sub LoadReports()
    If (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated) Then
        numberOfRows = WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows
        AddHandler WebContext.Current.User.PropertyChanged, AddressOf User_PropertyChanged
        LoadRestrictedReports()
    Else
        CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
    End If

    Dim loadProducts = context.Load(context.GetProductsQuery().Take(numberOfRows))
    ProductsGrid.ItemsSource = loadProducts.Entities
End Sub

private void LoadReports()
{
    if (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated)
    {
        numberOfRows = WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows;
        WebContext.Current.User.PropertyChanged += new System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler(User_PropertyChanged);
        LoadRestrictedReports();
    }
    else
    {
        CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
        SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
    }

    LoadOperation<Product> loadProducts = context.Load(context.GetProductsQuery().Take(numberOfRows));
    ProductsGrid.ItemsSource = loadProducts.Entities;
}

Add an event handler for the PropertyChanged event that calls LoadReports if the property DefaultRows has changed.

Private Sub User_PropertyChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs)
    If (e.PropertyName = "DefaultRows") Then
        LoadReports()
    End If
End Sub

void User_PropertyChanged(object sender, System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
    if (e.PropertyName == "DefaultRows")
    {
        LoadReports();
    }
}

Add the following code to the constructor. This code loads the reports and makes the settings link visible for authenticated users.

Public Sub New()
    InitializeComponent()
    LoadReports()
    If (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated) Then
        SettingsButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
    End If
End Sub

public Reports()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    LoadReports();
    if (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated)
    {
        SettingsButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
    }
}

Add an event handler for the Click event on the settings link.

The ProfileWindow will be added in a later step.

Private Sub SettingsButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
    Dim settingsWindow = New ProfileWindow()
    settingsWindow.Show()
End Sub

private void SettingsButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    Views.ProfileWindow settingsWindow = new Views.ProfileWindow();
    settingsWindow.Show();
}

The following shows the complete code file.

Imports System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client
Imports ExampleNavigationApplication.Web

Partial Public Class Reports
    Inherits Page

    Private context As New AdventureWorksDomainContext
    Private numberOfRows As Integer = 10

    Public Sub New()
        InitializeComponent()
        LoadReports()
        If (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated) Then
            SettingsButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub LoadReports()
        If (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated) Then
            numberOfRows = WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows
            AddHandler WebContext.Current.User.PropertyChanged, AddressOf User_PropertyChanged
            LoadRestrictedReports()
        Else
            CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
            SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        End If

        Dim loadProducts = context.Load(context.GetProductsQuery().Take(numberOfRows))
        ProductsGrid.ItemsSource = loadProducts.Entities
    End Sub

    Private Sub LoadRestrictedReports()
        Dim loadSales = context.Load(context.GetSalesOrderHeadersQuery().Take(numberOfRows))
        SalesOrdersGrid.ItemsSource = loadSales.Entities
        SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible

        If (WebContext.Current.User.IsInRole("Managers")) Then
            Dim loadCustomers = context.Load(context.GetCustomersQuery().Take(numberOfRows))
            CustomersGrid.ItemsSource = loadCustomers.Entities
            CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible
        Else
            CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub User_PropertyChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs)
        If (e.PropertyName = "DefaultRows") Then
            LoadReports()
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub SettingsButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
        Dim settingsWindow = New ProfileWindow()
        settingsWindow.Show()
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.ServiceModel.DomainServices.Client;
using ExampleNavigationApplication.Web;

namespace ExampleNavigationApplication.Views
{
    public partial class Reports : Page
    {
        private AdventureWorksDomainContext context = new AdventureWorksDomainContext();
        int numberOfRows = 10;

        public Reports()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            LoadReports();
            if (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated)
            {
                SettingsButton.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
            }
        }

        private void LoadReports()
        {
            if (WebContext.Current.User.IsAuthenticated)
            {
                numberOfRows = WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows;
                WebContext.Current.User.PropertyChanged += new System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler(User_PropertyChanged);
                LoadRestrictedReports();
            }
            else
            {
                CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
                SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
            }

            LoadOperation<Product> loadProducts = context.Load(context.GetProductsQuery().Take(numberOfRows));
            ProductsGrid.ItemsSource = loadProducts.Entities;
        }

        private void LoadRestrictedReports()
        {
            LoadOperation<SalesOrderHeader> loadSales = context.Load(context.GetSalesOrderHeadersQuery().Take(numberOfRows));
            SalesOrdersGrid.ItemsSource = loadSales.Entities;
            SalesOrdersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;

            if (WebContext.Current.User.IsInRole("Managers"))
            {
                LoadOperation<Customer> loadCustomers = context.Load(context.GetCustomersQuery().Take(numberOfRows));
                CustomersGrid.ItemsSource = loadCustomers.Entities;
                CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;
            }
            else
            {
                CustomersGrid.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;
            }
        }

        void User_PropertyChanged(object sender, System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.PropertyName == "DefaultRows")
            {
                LoadReports();
            }
        }

        private void SettingsButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Views.ProfileWindow settingsWindow = new Views.ProfileWindow();
            settingsWindow.Show();
        }
    }
}

You can allow users to edit the DefaultRows profile property by adding child window. When the value is changed, you call the SaveUser method to save the value in the data source. You retrieve the current value through the properties on the User object of the current WebContext instance.

To add a window for setting profile property

In the client project, add a new item to the Views folder.
Select the Silverlight Child Window template and name it ProfileWindow.xaml.
Click the Add button.

In the ProfileWindow.xaml file, add the following XAML to include a ComboBox for selecting the number of rows to display in the reports.

<controls:ChildWindow x:Class="ExampleNavigationApplication.Views.ProfileWindow"
           xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
           xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
           xmlns:controls="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls"
           Width="300" Height="200"
           Title="ProfileWindow">
  <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Margin="2">
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
      <RowDefinition />
      <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>

    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Row="0">
      <TextBlock Text="Number of rows to display for reports: "></TextBlock>
      <ComboBox x:Name="defaultRows" Height="20" VerticalAlignment="Top">
        <ComboBoxItem Content="1"></ComboBoxItem>
        <ComboBoxItem Content="3"></ComboBoxItem>
        <ComboBoxItem Content="5"></ComboBoxItem>
        <ComboBoxItem Content="10"></ComboBoxItem>
        <ComboBoxItem Content="15"></ComboBoxItem>
        <ComboBoxItem Content="20"></ComboBoxItem>
      </ComboBox>
    </StackPanel>

    <Button x:Name="CancelButton" 
            Content="Cancel" 
            Click="CancelButton_Click" 
            Width="75" 
            Height="23" 
            HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
            Margin="0,12,0,0" 
            Grid.Row="1" />
    <Button x:Name="OKButton" 
            Content="OK" 
            Click="OKButton_Click" 
            Width="75" 
            Height="23" 
            HorizontalAlignment="Right" 
            Margin="0,12,79,0" 
            Grid.Row="1" />
  </Grid>
</controls:ChildWindow>

In the ProfileWindow.xaml.cs or ProfileWindow.xaml.vb code-behind file, add the following code to retrieve and set the profile property.

Partial Public Class ProfileWindow
    Inherits ChildWindow

    Public Sub New()
        InitializeComponent()
        Dim userDefaultRows = WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows.ToString()
        For Each cbi As ComboBoxItem In defaultRows.Items
            If (cbi.Content.ToString() = userDefaultRows) Then
                defaultRows.SelectedItem = cbi
                Exit For
            End If
        Next
    End Sub

    Private Sub OKButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs) Handles OKButton.Click
        Dim newSelection = Integer.Parse(defaultRows.SelectionBoxItem.ToString())
        If (newSelection <> WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows) Then
            WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows = newSelection
            WebContext.Current.Authentication.SaveUser(True)
        End If
        Me.DialogResult = True
    End Sub

    Private Sub CancelButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs) Handles CancelButton.Click
        Me.DialogResult = False
    End Sub

End Class

public partial class ProfileWindow : ChildWindow
{
    public ProfileWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        string userDefaultRows = WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows.ToString();
        foreach (ComboBoxItem cbi in defaultRows.Items)
        {
            if (cbi.Content.ToString() == userDefaultRows)
            {
                defaultRows.SelectedItem = cbi;
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    private void OKButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        int newSelection = int.Parse(defaultRows.SelectionBoxItem.ToString());
        if (newSelection != WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows)
        {
            WebContext.Current.User.DefaultRows = newSelection;
            WebContext.Current.Authentication.SaveUser(true);
        }
        this.DialogResult = true;
    }

    private void CancelButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        this.DialogResult = false;
    }
}

Run the solution.
Click the reports link.

Notice that when the site starts and you are not logged in, only the products table is displayed on the Reports page.
On the Home page, register and log in as a new user.
Click the reports link.

Notice that the tables for products and sales orders are displayed.
Log out, and log in as CustomerManager.

Notice that the tables for products, sales orders, and customers are displayed.
Click the Adjust Settings link and set the default number of rows to show for the reports.

Notice that the DataGrid now contains the number of rows you selected.
Close the Web browser.

Walkthrough: Using Authentication Service with Silverlight Navigation Application

Prerequisites

Configuring the Server Project for Authentication, Roles, and Profiles

To configure the server project

To add users with the ASP.NET Web Site Administration Tool

Configuring the Client for Authentication

To configure the client project

Adding New Users from the Client

To configure the server project for adding a new user

To configure the client project for adding new users

Restricting Access to Domain Operations

To restrict displayed data by roles

Using the Authentication Service from the Client

To add a Silverlight Page for displaying data

To add a window for setting profile property

See Also

Tasks

Additional resources

Walkthrough: Using Authentication Service with Silverlight Navigation Application

Prerequisites

Configuring the Server Project for Authentication, Roles, and Profiles

To configure the server project

To add users with the ASP.NET Web Site Administration Tool

Configuring the Client for Authentication

To configure the client project

Adding Login Functionality to the Client

To login and logout a user

Adding New Users from the Client

To configure the server project for adding a new user

To configure the client project for adding new users

Restricting Access to Domain Operations

To restrict displayed data by roles

Using the Authentication Service from the Client

To add a Silverlight Page for displaying data

To add a window for setting profile property

See Also

Tasks

Additional resources