9 G

gallery: (1) A library that is used to store a collection of site resources, such as Web Parts, list templates, and site templates.

(2) A type of ribbon control that displays a set of items from which users can choose.

game: An application that uses a DirectPlay protocol to communicate between computers.

game session: The metadata associated with the collection of computers participating in a single instance of a computer game.

gamma correction: In digital imaging, the process of changing the brightness, contrast, or color balance of an image by assigning new values (different colors) to gray or color tones.

GC: See global catalog (GC).

general alignment: A default formatting setting for the horizontal alignment of cell content in a worksheet. Text is positioned to the left and numbers are positioned to the right.

generic list: A SharePoint list whose base type value is "Generic List".

Generic Security Services (GSS): An Internet standard, as described in [RFC2743], for providing security services to applications. It consists of an application programming interface (GSS-API) set, as well as standards that describe the structure of the security data.

GenericInvoker: A type of MethodInstance that can be called to perform a specific task in a line-of-business (LOB) system. GenericInvoker input and output is specific to the Method.

geometry space: An arbitrarily defined coordinate system for shape geometry. Any coordinate references to a shape use this coordinate system. All connection sites, adjust handles, and vertices of a shape are defined in geometry space.

geometry text: A type of text that follows the geometry of the shape, rather than being contained within the bounding rectangle of the shape.

ghosted: (1) A property that is not deleted by the server if the element is not included in a Sync <Change> request message. By default, elements that are not included in a Sync <Change> request are deleted from the store.

(2) See uncustomized.

Global Address List (GAL): An address list that conceptually represents the default address list for an address book.

global assembly cache (GAC): A computer-wide code cache that stores .NET Framework assemblies that were installed specifically to be shared by multiple applications on a computer. Applications that are installed in the global assembly cache have a strong name, consisting of an assembly identity, strengthened by a public key and a digital signature.

global catalog (GC): A unified partial view of multiple naming contexts (NCs) in a distributed partitioned directory. The Active Directory directory service GC is implemented by GC servers. The definition of global catalog is specified in [MS-ADTS] section 3.1.1.1.8.

global catalog server (GC server): A domain controller (DC) that contains a naming context (NC) replica (one full, the rest partial) for each domain naming context in the forest.

global group: An Active Directorygroup that allows user objects from its own domain and global groups from its own domain as members. Universal groups can contain global groups. A group object g is a global group if and only if GROUP_TYPE_ACCOUNT_GROUP is present in g! groupType. A global group that is also a security-enabled group is valid for inclusion within ACLs anywhere in the forest. If a domain is in mixed mode, then a global group in that domain that is also a security-enabled group allows only user object as members. See also domain local group, security-enabled group.

global navigation menu: The navigation menu that appears horizontally at the top of the default master page and shows the set of navigation nodes from the site map provider’s root node.

global partition: The default, required partition on a COMA server.

global version sequence number (GVSN): A pair of numbers that includes the machine identifier and the version sequence number (VSN). While two machines might assign the same VSN, because they have different machine identifiers, the associated GVSNs differ. A GVSN is used to identify a unique version of a unique resource. In other words, no two different resources are ever assigned the same GVSN, and no two different updates to the same resource are ever assigned the same GVSN.

Global Version Sequence Numbers (GVSN): A GVSN is a pair: Machine identifier and version sequence number (VSN). Although two machines might assign the same VSN, because they have different machine identifiers, the associated GVSNs differ. A GVSN is used to identify a unique version of a unique resource. In other words, no two different resources ever get assigned the same GVSN, and no two different updates to the same resource ever get assigned the same GVSN.

Globally Routable User Agent URI (GRUU): A URI that identifies a user agent and is globally routable. A URI possesses a GRUU property if it is useable by any user agent client (UAC) that is connected to the Internet, routable to a specific user agent instance, and long-lived.

globally unique identifier (GUID): A term used interchangeably with universally unique identifier (UUID) in Microsoft protocol technical documents (TDs). Interchanging the usage of these terms does not imply or require a specific algorithm or mechanism to generate the value. Specifically, the use of this term does not imply or require that the algorithms specified in [RFC4122] or [C706] must be used for generating the GUID. See also universally unique identifier (UUID).

GOP: A group of pictures that starts with one I-frame and ends with the next I-frame, excluding the next I-frame, as described in [SMPTE-VC-1].

gradient fill: A type of fill that applies gradient formatting to the background of a cell or an object.

gradient stop: A marker on a gradient spectrum that denotes where a specific color is introduced in gradient formatting.

gradient vector: A vector that indicates the direction of a gradient fill. The gradient vector is perpendicular to the bands of color.

grammar checker: An application that uses default or user-defined settings to search for grammatical errors in a document.

grand total: An aggregation of all of the field subtotals in a PivotTable report.

graph: A set of connected nodes.

graph maintenance: The process by which each node attempts to improve its connectivity within the graph.

graph object: An object that represents a chart and the datasheet that contains the data for that chart.

GraphicDropDown control: A type of DropDown control that can display custom graphics in a list of options.

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF): A compression format that supports device-independent transmission and interchange of bitmapped image data. The format uses a palette of up to 256 distinct colors from the 24-bit RGB color space. It also supports animation and a separate palette of 256 colors for each frame. The color limitation makes the GIF format unsuitable for reproducing color photographs and other images with gradients of color, but it is well-suited for simpler images such as graphics with solid areas of color.

gridline: A line that is drawn on a worksheet or table for use as a visual aid to distinguish between cells.

group: (1) An element that can contain fields and other groups in the data source for an InfoPath form. Controls that contain other controls, such as repeating tables and sections, are bound to groups.

(2) A named collection of users who share similar access permissions or roles.

(3) A named collection of quick links, colleagues, or memberships for the purpose of organization.

(4) A process of combining similar elements into a set in accordance with logical criteria. It is frequently used to combine sets of data from Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) databases or PivotTable reports.

(5) A collection of objects that can be treated as a whole.

(6) A collection of players within a game session. Typically, players are placed in a group when they serve a common purpose.

(7) A graph in which each node implements the group security model.

(8) A cluster group is a container for zero or more clusterresources, when referring to cluster groups. Groups enable resources to be combined into larger logical units and are owned by only one node in the cluster at a time.

(9) A group object.

group object: (1) A database object that represents a collection of user and group objects and has a security identifier (SID) value.

(2) In Active Directory, a group object has an object class group. A group has a forward link attribute member; the values of this attribute (2) either represent elements of the group (for example, objects of class user or computer) or subsets of the group (objects of class group). The back link attribute memberOf enables navigation from group members to the groups containing them. Some groups represent groups of security principals and some do not and are, for instance, used to represent email distribution lists.

(3) A database object that represents a collection of user and group objects and has a security identifier (SID) value.

(4) In Active Directory, a group object has an object class group. A group has a forward link attribute member; the values of this attribute either represent elements of the group (for example, objects of class user or computer) or subsets of the group (objects of class group). The representation of group subsets is called "nested group membership" .The back link attribute memberOf enables navigation from group members to the groups containing them. Some groups represent groups of security principals and some do not and are, for instance, used to represent email distribution lists.

Group Policy Object (GPO): A collection of administrator-defined specifications of the policy settings that can be applied to groups of computers in a domain. Each GPO includes two elements: an object that resides in the Active Directory for the domain, and a corresponding file system subdirectory that resides on the sysvol DFS share of the Group Policy server for the domain.

group shape: A shape that contains a group of shapes.

group target application: A target application that stores credentials for a group of Secure Store Service (SSS) users. It references a set of claims (2) that represents the SSS users who can retrieve the credentials associated with it.

grow: The process of increasing the number of rows or columns (2) in a PivotTable report.

GUID: (1) A term used interchangeably with universally unique identifier (UUID) in Microsoft protocol technical documents (TDs). Interchanging the use of these terms does not imply or require a specific algorithm or mechanism to generate the value. Specifically, the use of this term does not imply or require that the algorithms described in [RFC4122] or [C706] need to be used to generate the GUID. See also universally unique identifier (UUID).

(2) See globally unique identifier (GUID).

GUID_NULL: A GUID that has the value "{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}".

GUIDString: A GUID in the form of an ASCII or Unicode string, consisting of one group of 8 hexadecimal digits, followed by three groups of 4 hexadecimal digits each, followed by one group of 12 hexadecimal digits. It is the standard representation of a GUID, as described in [RFC4122] section 3. For example, "6B29FC40-CA47-1067-B31D-00DD010662DA". Unlike a curly braced GUID string, a GUIDString is not enclosed in braces.

gutter: An area above a column heading and to the left of a row heading. A gutter typically displays outline symbols that are used to expand and collapse groups of cells.