Shader Designer

This document describes how to work with the Visual Studio Shader Designer to create, modify, and export custom visual effects that are known as shaders.

You can use the Shader Designer to create custom visual effects for your game or app even if you don't know HLSL programming. To create a shader in the Shader Designer, you just lay it out as a graph; that is, you add to the design surface nodes that represent data and operations and then make connections between them to define how the operations process the data. At each operation node, a preview of the effect up to that point is provided so that you can visualize its result. Data flows through the nodes toward a final node that represents the output of the shader.

Supported formats

The Shader Designer supports these shader formats:

Format Name	File Extension	Supported Operations (View, Edit, Export)
Directed Graph Shader Language	.dgsl	View, Edit
HLSL Shader (source code)	.hlsl	Export
HLSL Shader (bytecode)	.cso	Export
C++ header (HLSL bytecode array)	.h	Export

Getting Started

This section describes how to add a DGSL shader to your Visual Studio project and provides basic information to help you get started.

To add a DGSL shader to your project

1. In Solution Explorer, open the shortcut menu for the project that you want to add the shader to, and then choose Add, New Item.

2. In the Add New Item dialog box, under Installed, select Graphics, and then select Visual Shader Graph (.dgsl).

3. Specify the Name of the shader file, and the Location where you want it to be created.

4. Choose the Add button.

The default shader

Each time that you create a DGSL shader, it begins as a minimal shader that has just a Point Color node that's connected to the Final Color node. Although this shader is complete and functional, it doesn't do much. Therefore, the first step in creating a working shader is often to delete the Point Color node or disconnect it from the Final Color node to make room for other nodes.

Working with the Shader Designer

The following sections describe how to use the Shader Designer to work with custom shaders.

Shader Designer toolbars

The Shader Designer toolbars contain commands that help you work with DGSL shader graphs.

Commands that affect the state of the Shader Designer are located on the Shader Designer Mode toolbar in the main Visual Studio window. Design tools and commands are located on the Shader Designer toolbar on the Shader Designer design surface.

Here's the Shader Designer Mode toolbar:

This table describes the items on the Shader Designer Mode toolbar, which are listed in the order in which they appear from left to right:

Toolbar Item	Description
Select	Enables interaction with nodes and edges in the graph. In this mode, you can select nodes and move or delete them, and you can establish edges or break them.
Pan	Enables movement of a shader graph relative to the window frame. To pan, select a point on the design surface and move it around. In Select mode, you can press and hold Ctrl to activate Pan mode temporarily.
Zoom	Enables the display of more or less shader-graph detail relative to the window frame. In Zoom mode, select a point on the design surface and then move it right or down to zoom in, or left or up to zoom out. In Select mode, you can press and hold Ctrl to zoom in or out by using the mouse wheel.
Zoom to Fit	Displays the full shader graph in the window frame.
Real-Time Rendering Mode	When real-time rendering is enabled, Visual Studio redraws the design surface, even when no user action is performed. This mode is useful when you work with shaders that change over time.
Preview with sphere	When enabled, a model of a sphere is used to preview the shader. Only one preview shape at a time can be enabled.
Preview with cube	When enabled, a model of a cube is used to preview the shader. Only one preview shape at a time can be enabled.
Preview with Cylinder	When enabled, a model of a cylinder is used to preview the shader. Only one preview shape at a time can be enabled.
Preview with cone	When enabled, a model of a cone is used to preview the shader. Only one preview shape at a time can be enabled.
Preview with teapot	When enabled, a model of a teapot is used to preview the shader. Only one preview shape at a time can be enabled.
Preview with plane	When enabled, a model of a plane is used to preview the shader. Only one preview shape at a time can be enabled.
Toolbox	Alternately shows or hides the Toolbox.
Properties	Alternatively shows or hides the Properties window.
Advanced	Contains advanced commands and options. Export Enables the export of a shader in several formats. Export As Exports the shader as either HLSL source code or as compiled shader bytecode. For more information about how to export shaders, see How to: Export a Shader. Graphics Engines Enables the selection of the renderer that is used to display the design surface. Render with D3D11 Uses Direct3D 11 to render the Shader Designer design surface. Render with D3D11WARP Uses Direct3D 11 Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform (WARP) to render the Shader Designer design surface. View Enables the selection of additional information about the Shader Designer. Frame Rate When enabled, displays the current frame rate in the upper-right corner of the design surface. The frame rate is the number of frames that are drawn per second. This option is useful when you enable the Real-Time Rendering Mode option. Tip You can choose the Advanced button to run the last command again.

Working with nodes and connections

Use Select mode to add, remove, reposition, connect, and configure nodes. Here's how to perform these basic operations:

To perform basic operations in Select mode

• Here's how:

  • To add a node to the graph, select it in the Toolbox and then move it to the design surface.

  • To remove a node from the graph, select it and then press Delete.

  • To reposition a node, select it and then move it to a new location.

  • To connect two nodes, move an output terminal of one node to an input terminal of the other node. Only terminals that have compatible types can be connected. A line between the terminals shows the connection.

  • To remove a connection, on the shortcut menu for either one of the connected terminals, choose Break Links.

  • To configure the properties of a node, select the node, and then, in the Properties window, specify new values for the properties.

Previewing shaders

To help you understand how a shader will appear in your app, you can configure how your effect is previewed. To approximate your app, you can choose one of several shapes to render, configure textures and other material parameters, enable animation of time-based effects, and examine the preview from different angles.

Shapes

The Shader Designer includes six shapes—a sphere, a cube, a cylinder, a cone, a teapot, and a plane—that you can use to preview your shader. Depending on the shader, certain shapes might give you a better preview.

To choose a preview shape

• On the Shader Designer Modes toolbar, choose the shape that you want.

Textures and material parameters

Many shaders rely on textures and material properties to produce a unique appearance for each kind of object in your app. To see what your shader will look like in your app, you can set the textures and material properties that are used to render the preview to match the textures and parameters that you might use in your app.

To bind a different texture to a texture register, or to modify other material parameters

1. In Select mode, select an empty area of the design surface. This causes the Properties window to display the global shader properties.

2. In the Properties window, specify new values for the texture and parameter properties that you want to change.

Here are the shader parameters that you can modify:

Parameter		Properties
Texture 1 – Texture 8		Access Public to allow the property to be set from the Model Editor; otherwise, Private. Filename The full path of the texture file that is associated with this texture register.
Material Ambient		Access Public to allow the property to be set from the Model Editor; otherwise, Private. Value The diffuse color of the current pixel due to indirect – or ambient – lighting.
Material Diffuse		Access Public to allow the property to be set from the Model Editor; otherwise, Private. Value A color that describes how the current pixel diffuses direct lighting.
Material Emissive		Access Public to allow the property to be set from the Model Editor; otherwise, Private. Value The color contribution of the current pixel due to self-provided lighting.
Material Specular		Access Public to allow the property to be set from the Model Editor; otherwise, Private. Value A color that describes how the current pixel reflects direct lighting.
Material Specular Power		Access Public to allow the property to be set from the Model Editor; otherwise, Private. Value The exponent that defines the intensity of specular highlights on the current pixel.

Time-based effects

Some shaders have a time-based component that animates the effect. To show what the effect looks like in action, the preview has to be updated several times per second. By default, the preview is only updated when the shader is changed; to change this behavior so that you can view time-based effects, you have to enable real-time rendering.

To enable real-time rendering

• On the Shader Designer toolbar, choose Real time Rendering.

Examining the effect

Many shaders are affected by variables such as viewing angle or directional lighting. To examine how the effect responds as these variables change, you can rotate the preview shape freely and observe how the shader behaves.

To rotate the shape

• Press and hold Alt, and then select any point on the design surface and move it.

Exporting shaders

Before you can use a shader in your app, you have to export it in a format that DirectX understands.

You can export shaders as HLSL source code or as compiled shader bytecode. HLSL source code is exported to a text file that has an .hlsl file name extension. Shader bytecode can be exported either to a raw binary file that has a .cso file name extension, or to a C++ header (.h) file that encodes the shader bytecode into an array.

For more information about how to export shaders, see How to: Export a Shader.

Keyboard shortcuts

Command	Keyboard shortcuts
Switch to Select mode	Ctrl+G, Gtrl+Q S
Switch to Zoom mode	Ctrl+G, Ctrl+Z Z
Switch to Pan mode	Ctrl+G, Ctrl+P K
Select all	Ctrl+A
Delete the current selection	Delete
Cancel the current selection	Escape
Zoom in	Ctrl+Mouse wheel forward Plus Sign (+)
Zoom out	Ctrl-Mouse wheel backward Minus Sign (-)
Pan the design surface up	Mouse wheel backward PageDown
Pan the design surface down	Mouse wheel forward PageUp
Pan the design surface left	Shift+Mouse wheel backward Mouse wheel left Shift+PageDown
Pan the design surface right	Shift+Mouse wheel forward Mouse wheel right Shift+PageUp
Move the keyboard focus to another node	The Arrow keys
Select the node that has keyboard focus (adds the node to the selection group)	Shift+Spacebar
Toggle selection of the node that has keyboard focus	Ctrl+Spacebar
Toggle current selection (if no nodes are selected, select the node that has keyboard focus)	Spacebar
Move the current selection up	Shift+Up Arrow
Move the current selection down	Shift+Down Arrow
Move the current selection left	Shift+Left Arrow
Move current selection right	Shift+Right Arrow.

Related topics

Title	Description
Working with 3-D Assets for Games and Apps	Provides an overview of the Visual Studio tools that you can use to work with textures and images, 3-D models, and shader effects.
Image Editor	Describes how to use the Visual Studio Image Editor to work with textures and images.
Model Editor	Describes how to use the Visual Studio Model Editor to work with 3-D models.