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GateBased
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A generic gate-based architecture. The error rate can be set arbitrarily
and is either 1e-3 or 1e-4 in the reference.
References:
Michael E. Beverland, Prakash Murali, Matthias Troyer, Krysta M. Svore, Torsten Hoefler, Vadym Kliuchnikov, Guang Hao Low, Mathias Soeken, Aarthi Sundaram, Alexander Vaschillo: Assessing requirements to scale to practical quantum advantage, arXiv:2211.07629
Jens Koch, Terri M. Yu, Jay Gambetta, A. A. Houck, D. I. Schuster, J. Majer, Alexandre Blais, M. H. Devoret, S. M. Girvin, R. J. Schoelkopf: Charge insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box, arXiv:cond-mat/0703002
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Majorana
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This class models physical instructions that may be relevant for future
Majorana qubits. For these qubits, we assume that measurements
and the physical T gate each take 1 µs. Owing to topological protection in
the hardware, we assume single and two-qubit measurement error rates
(Clifford error rates) in $10^{-4}$, $10^{-5}$, and $10^{-6}$ as a range
between realistic and optimistic targets. Non-Clifford operations in this
architecture do not have topological protection, so we assume a 5%, 1.5%,
and 1% error rate for non-Clifford physical T gates for the three cases,
respectively.
References:
Torsten Karzig, Christina Knapp, Roman M. Lutchyn, Parsa Bonderson, Matthew B. Hastings, Chetan Nayak, Jason Alicea, Karsten Flensberg, Stephan Plugge, Yuval Oreg, Charles M. Marcus, Michael H. Freedman: Scalable Designs for Quasiparticle-Poisoning-Protected Topological Quantum Computation with Majorana Zero Modes, arXiv:1610.05289
Alexei Kitaev: Unpaired Majorana fermions in quantum wires, arXiv:cond-mat/0010440
Sankar Das Sarma, Michael Freedman, Chetan Nayak: Majorana Zero Modes and Topological Quantum Computation, arXiv:1501.02813
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NeutralAtom
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A movement-aware neutral-atom architecture with explicit atom transport.
This model captures a neutral-atom device with native single-qubit
operations, Rydberg-mediated entangling gates, Z-basis measurement, and a
physical move instruction that carries hardware motion constraints. The
instruction set includes free virtual RZ rotations, single-qubit
SQRT_X and H gates, CZ as the native two-qubit interaction,
CNOT with a duration derived from one Rydberg interaction plus two
single-qubit operations, and MEAS_Z/MEAS_RESET_Z for readout.
The motion model is exposed through PHYSICAL_MOVE and parameterized by
atom spacing, maximum velocity, maximum acceleration, and an optional
handoff time used when atoms enter or leave an interaction or measurement
zone.
References:
M. Saffman, T. G. Walker, K. Molmer: Quantum information with Rydberg atoms, arXiv:0909.4777
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Bernien, S. Schwartz, A. Keesling, et al.: Probing many-body
dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator,
arXiv:1707.04344
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Bluvstein, H. Levine, G. Semeghini, et al.: A quantum processor
based on coherent transport of entangled atom arrays,
arXiv:2112.03923
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- Tian, W. J. Wee, A. Qu, et al.: Parallel assembly of arbitrary
defect-free atom arrays with a multi-tweezer algorithm,
arXiv:2209.08038
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- Evered, D. Bluvstein, M. Kalinowski, et al.: High-fidelity
parallel entangling gates on a neutral atom quantum computer,
arXiv:2304.05420
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- Wintersperger, F. Dommert, T. Ehmer, et al.: Neutral atom quantum
computing hardware: performance and end-user perspective,
arXiv:2304.14360
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Wang, P. Liu, D. B. Tan, et al.: Atomique: A Quantum Compiler for
Reconfigurable Neutral Atom Arrays,
arXiv:2311.15123
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Bluvstein, S. J. Evered, A. A. Geim, et al.: Logical quantum
processor based on reconfigurable atom arrays,
arXiv:2312.03982
W.-H. Lin, D. B. Tan, J. Cong: Reuse-Aware Compilation for Zoned
Quantum Architectures Based on Neutral Atoms,
arXiv:2411.11784
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- Savola, A. Paler: ATLAS: Efficient Atom Rearrangement for
Defect-Free Neutral-Atom Quantum Arrays Under Transport Loss,
arXiv:2511.16303
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