Generate SAS token

Article
11/13/2023

This section shows how to programmatically generate a SAS token for using Azure Event Hubs REST APIs.

NodeJS

function createSharedAccessToken(uri, saName, saKey) { 
  if (!uri || !saName || !saKey) { 
          throw "Missing required parameter"; 
      } 
  var encoded = encodeURIComponent(uri); 
  var now = new Date(); 
  var week = 60*60*24*7;
  var ttl = Math.round(now.getTime() / 1000) + week;
  var signature = encoded + '\n' + ttl; 
  var hash = crypto.createHmac('sha256', saKey).update(signature, 'utf8').digest('base64'); 
  return 'SharedAccessSignature sr=' + encoded + '&sig=' + encodeURIComponent(hash) + '&se=' + ttl + '&skn=' + saName; 
}

To use a policy name and a key value to connect to an event hub, use the EventHubProducerClient constructor that takes the AzureNamedKeyCredential parameter.

const producer = new EventHubProducerClient("NAMESPACE NAME.servicebus.windows.net", eventHubName, new AzureNamedKeyCredential("POLICYNAME", "KEYVALUE"));

You need to add a reference to AzureNamedKeyCredential.

const { AzureNamedKeyCredential } = require("@azure/core-auth");

To use a SAS token that you generated using the code, use the EventHubProducerClient constructor that takes the AzureSASCredential parameter.

var token = createSharedAccessToken("https://NAMESPACENAME.servicebus.windows.net", "POLICYNAME", "KEYVALUE");
const producer = new EventHubProducerClient("NAMESPACENAME.servicebus.windows.net", eventHubName, new AzureSASCredential(token));

You need to add a reference to AzureSASCredential.

const { AzureSASCredential } = require("@azure/core-auth");

Java

private static String GetSASToken(String resourceUri, String keyName, String key)
  {
      long epoch = System.currentTimeMillis()/1000L;
      int week = 60*60*24*7;
      String expiry = Long.toString(epoch + week);

      String sasToken = null;
      try {
          String stringToSign = URLEncoder.encode(resourceUri, "UTF-8") + "\n" + expiry;
          String signature = getHMAC256(key, stringToSign);
          sasToken = "SharedAccessSignature sr=" + URLEncoder.encode(resourceUri, "UTF-8") +"&sig=" +
                  URLEncoder.encode(signature, "UTF-8") + "&se=" + expiry + "&skn=" + keyName;
      } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

          e.printStackTrace();
      }

      return sasToken;
  }


public static String getHMAC256(String key, String input) {
    Mac sha256_HMAC = null;
    String hash = null;
    try {
        sha256_HMAC = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
        SecretKeySpec secret_key = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes(), "HmacSHA256");
        sha256_HMAC.init(secret_key);
        Encoder encoder = Base64.getEncoder();

        hash = new String(encoder.encode(sha256_HMAC.doFinal(input.getBytes("UTF-8"))));

    } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    return hash;
}

PHP

function generateSasToken($uri, $sasKeyName, $sasKeyValue) 
{ 
    $targetUri = strtolower(rawurlencode(strtolower($uri))); 
    $expires = time();     
    $expiresInMins = 60; 
    $week = 60*60*24*7;
    $expires = $expires + $week; 
    $toSign = $targetUri . "\n" . $expires; 
    $signature = rawurlencode(base64_encode(hash_hmac('sha256',             
    $toSign, $sasKeyValue, TRUE))); 

    $token = "SharedAccessSignature sr=" . $targetUri . "&sig=" . $signature . "&se=" . $expires .         "&skn=" . $sasKeyName; 
    return $token; 
}

C#

private static string createToken(string resourceUri, string keyName, string key)
{
    TimeSpan sinceEpoch = DateTime.UtcNow - new DateTime(1970, 1, 1);
    var week = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7;
    var expiry = Convert.ToString((int)sinceEpoch.TotalSeconds + week);
    string stringToSign = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(resourceUri) + "\n" + expiry;
    HMACSHA256 hmac = new HMACSHA256(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
    var signature = Convert.ToBase64String(hmac.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(stringToSign)));
    var sasToken = String.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "SharedAccessSignature sr={0}&sig={1}&se={2}&skn={3}", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(resourceUri), HttpUtility.UrlEncode(signature), expiry, keyName);
    return sasToken;
}

PowerShell

[Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.Web")| out-null
$URI="myNamespace.servicebus.windows.net/myEventHub"
$Access_Policy_Name="RootManageSharedAccessKey"
$Access_Policy_Key="myPrimaryKey"
#Token expires now+300
$Expires=([DateTimeOffset]::Now.ToUnixTimeSeconds())+300
$SignatureString=[System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($URI)+ "`n" + [string]$Expires
$HMAC = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.HMACSHA256
$HMAC.key = [Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes($Access_Policy_Key)
$Signature = $HMAC.ComputeHash([Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes($SignatureString))
$Signature = [Convert]::ToBase64String($Signature)
$SASToken = "SharedAccessSignature sr=" + [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($URI) + "&sig=" + [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($Signature) + "&se=" + $Expires + "&skn=" + $Access_Policy_Name
$SASToken

Python

import time
import urllib
import hmac
import hashlib
import base64

def get_auth_token(sb_name, eh_name, sas_name, sas_value):
    """
    Returns an authorization token dictionary 
    for making calls to Event Hubs REST API.
    """
    uri = urllib.parse.quote_plus("https://{}.servicebus.windows.net/{}" \
                                  .format(sb_name, eh_name))
    sas = sas_value.encode('utf-8')
    expiry = str(int(time.time() + 10000))
    string_to_sign = (uri + '\n' + expiry).encode('utf-8')
    signed_hmac_sha256 = hmac.HMAC(sas, string_to_sign, hashlib.sha256)
    signature = urllib.parse.quote(base64.b64encode(signed_hmac_sha256.digest()))
    return  {"sb_name": sb_name,
             "eh_name": eh_name,
             "token":'SharedAccessSignature sr={}&sig={}&se={}&skn={}' \
                     .format(uri, signature, expiry, sas_name)
            }

Bash

Note: The following snippet requires OpenSSL and jq.

get_sas_token() {
    local EVENTHUB_URI=$1
    local SHARED_ACCESS_KEY_NAME=$2
    local SHARED_ACCESS_KEY=$3
    local EXPIRY=${EXPIRY:=$((60 * 60 * 24))} # Default token expiry is 1 day

    local ENCODED_URI=$(echo -n $EVENTHUB_URI | jq -s -R -r @uri)
    local TTL=$(($(date +%s) + $EXPIRY))
    local UTF8_SIGNATURE=$(printf "%s\n%s" $ENCODED_URI $TTL | iconv -t utf8)

    local HASH=$(echo -n "$UTF8_SIGNATURE" | openssl sha256 -hmac $SHARED_ACCESS_KEY -binary | base64)
    local ENCODED_HASH=$(echo -n $HASH | jq -s -R -r @uri)

    echo -n "SharedAccessSignature sr=$ENCODED_URI&sig=$ENCODED_HASH&se=$TTL&skn=$SHARED_ACCESS_KEY_NAME"
}

Using the Shared Access Signature (at HTTP level)

Now that you know how to create Shared Access Signatures for any entities in an Event Hubs namespace, you're ready to perform an HTTP POST:

POST https://<yournamespace>.servicebus.windows.net/<yourentity>/messages
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: SharedAccessSignature sr=https%3A%2F%2F<yournamespace>.servicebus.windows.net%2F<yourentity>&sig=<yoursignature from code above>&se=1438205742&skn=KeyName
ContentType: application/atom+xml;type=entry;charset=utf-8

Remember, this SAS key works for everything. You can create SAS for a queue, topic, subscription, event hub, or relay. If you use per-publisher identity for Event Hubs, you can append /publishers/< publisherid>.

If you give a sender or client a SAS token, they don't have the key directly, and they can't reverse the hash to obtain it. As such, you have control over what they can access, and for how long. An important thing to remember is that if you change the primary key in the policy, any Shared Access Signatures created from the key is invalidated.

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