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Numeric Functions

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The following table describes numeric functions that are included in the ODBC scalar function set. By calling SQLGetInfo with an information type of SQL_NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS, an application can determine which numeric functions are supported by a driver.

All numeric functions return values of data type SQL_FLOAT except for ABS, ROUND, TRUNCATE, SIGN, FLOOR, and CEILING, which return values of the same data type as the input parameters.

Arguments denoted as numeric_exp can be the name of a column, the result of another scalar function, or a numeric-literal, where the underlying data type could be represented as SQL_NUMERIC, SQL_DECIMAL, SQL_TINYINT, SQL_SMALLINT, SQL_INTEGER, SQL_BIGINT, SQL_FLOAT, SQL_REAL, or SQL_DOUBLE.

Arguments denoted as float_exp can be the name of a column, the result of another scalar function, or a numeric-literal, where the underlying data type can be represented as SQL_FLOAT.

Arguments denoted as integer_exp can be the name of a column, the result of another scalar function, or a numeric-literal, where the underlying data type can be represented as SQL_TINYINT, SQL_SMALLINT, SQL_INTEGER, or SQL_BIGINT.

The CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP scalar functions have been added in ODBC 3.0 to align with SQL-92.

Function Description
ABS( numeric_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the absolute value of numeric_exp.
ACOS( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the arccosine of float_exp as an angle, expressed in radians.
ASIN( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the arcsine of float_exp as an angle, expressed in radians.
ATAN( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the arctangent of float_exp as an angle, expressed in radians.
ATAN2( float_exp1, float_exp2) (ODBC 2.0) Returns the arctangent of the x and y coordinates, specified by float_exp1 and float_exp2, respectively, as an angle, expressed in radians.
CEILING( numeric_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to numeric_exp. The return value is of the same data type as the input parameter.
COS( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the cosine of float_exp, where float_exp is an angle expressed in radians.
COT( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the cotangent of float_exp, where float_exp is an angle expressed in radians.
DEGREES( numeric_exp ) (ODBC 2.0) Returns the number of degrees converted from numeric_exp radians.
EXP( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the exponential value of float_exp.
FLOOR( numeric_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the largest integer less than or equal to numeric_exp. The return value is of the same data type as the input parameter.
LOG( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the natural logarithm of float_exp.
LOG10( float_exp ) (ODBC 2.0) Returns the base 10 logarithm of float_exp.
MOD( integer_exp1, integer_exp2) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the remainder (modulus) of integer_exp1 divided by integer_exp2.
PI( ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the constant value of pi as a floating-point value.
POWER( numeric_exp, integer_exp) (ODBC 2.0) Returns the value of numeric_exp to the power of integer_exp.
RADIANS( numeric_exp ) (ODBC 2.0) Returns the number of radians converted from numeric_exp degrees.
RAND([integer_exp]) (ODBC 1.0) Returns a random floating-point value using integer_exp as the optional seed value.
ROUND( numeric_exp, integer_exp) (ODBC 2.0) Returns numeric_exp rounded to integer_exp places right of the decimal point. If integer_exp is negative, numeric_exp is rounded to |integer_exp| places to the left of the decimal point.
SIGN( numeric_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns an indicator of the sign of numeric_exp. If numeric_exp is less than zero, -1 is returned. If numeric_exp equals zero, 0 is returned. If numeric_exp is greater than zero, 1 is returned.
SIN( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the sine of float_exp, where float_exp is an angle expressed in radians.
SQRT( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the square root of float_exp.
TAN( float_exp ) (ODBC 1.0) Returns the tangent of float_exp, where float_exp is an angle expressed in radians.
TRUNCATE( numeric_exp, integer_exp) (ODBC 2.0) Returns numeric_exp truncated to integer_exp places right of the decimal point. If integer_exp is negative, numeric_exp is truncated to |integer_exp| places to the left of the decimal point.