Explore threat hunting with Microsoft Threat Protection
- 5 minutes
While well-funded and highly organized security operations teams often have the most sophisticated detection mechanisms in place, these teams still need experts that can run guided investigations to locate and stop certain threats. For example, sophisticated attackers often take advantage of normal system functionality that leaves almost no identifiable traces. Yes, behavior-based detection algorithms powered by machine learning and AI can learn and respond quickly. But human experts still play the most valuable role in threat hunting. Their role is especially important if they know the network and are familiar with how attacks might play out.
What is threat hunting?
Cyberthreat hunting, or simply threat hunting, is a proactive cybersecurity activity. Its goal is to find threats that are:
- Buried under massive quantities of security signals and alert data.
- Not flagged by security products.
During threat hunting, security operations practitioners apply threat intelligence takeaways, whether from their own internal research or external research. With this information in hand, they then devise ingenious ways to determine the existence of an otherwise undetected threat. To do that, they need efficient access to comprehensive data about events and entities in their network. They also need a good, quantifiable understanding of normal states or baselines.
Threat hunting lets analysts work with established baselines and highlight behavior that might be interesting. Given the right tools, analysts can tailor their threat hunting activities to their environments and anticipated threats. For instance, they can hunt for unusual behavior—like unexpected network connections—that might indicate someone compromised an account or an in-house app.
The process of establishing the baselines themselves can also be part of threat hunting. To establish baselines, analysts need tools that can quickly look backwards and forwards in time. These tools must provide data that's sufficiently granular for defining normal states.
Effective threat hunting relies on:
- Comprehensive, well-structured, and retrievable event and system data.
- Threat intelligence: knowledge about threat actors or actor infrastructure, methodologies, and indicators.
- Granular baseline information that represents normal activity and states.
To help you understand threat hunting concepts, let's look at an example of what Jessica, Contoso's Security Operations administrator, went through:
- Jessica learns about a new vulnerability that affects one of the product suites in Contoso's environment. In this case, the attacks are against a known web content management system (CMS).
- After doing some more research, Jessica is unable to determine how attackers plan to use this vulnerability. Because the release of this vulnerability is so recent, there's no historical data Jessica can analyze to determine how attackers used this threat in Contoso's environment. Contoso's situation is even more arduous since a patch to remedy the issue isn't yet available.
- Jessica creates a query for behaviors tied to the processes involved in this vulnerability. This query determines an existing baseline and normal behavior. Jessica then modifies existing queries to only return behaviors they don't expect.
- Jessica also creates rules so that the queries run regularly and send notifications to the security operations team whenever there are matches.
- Because Jessica completed extensive research and constructed excellent queries—carefully considering the possibility that some unaffected machines might display threat-like behavior—each match to one of the queries is a valuable threat-hunting find. These matches include unusual process activities that might actually be attempts to abuse Contoso's vulnerable CMS.
In the past, threat hunting required organizations to complete tedious, time-consuming processes that were slow, complex, and frustrating to deal with. Microsoft addressed this issue with Microsoft Threat Protection, which is designed to be fast, easy, and straightforward.
Threat hunting in Microsoft Threat Protection
With cloud-based storage and compute solutions, organizations can now easily collect massive quantities of data. But as larger data sets get stored, there's a growing need to efficiently manipulate and make sense of them. It's at this point where Microsoft Threat Protection shines.
The threat hunting capabilities in Microsoft Threat Protection enable organizations to find threats across their users, endpoints, email, productivity tools, and apps. After Microsoft Threat Protection finds these threats, it automatically flags and remediates them.
The power of the Azure cloud, coupled with insights from the Microsoft Intelligent Security Graph, makes Microsoft Threat Protection possible. The following steps provide a summarization of the Microsoft Threat Protection process:
- At the most basic level, the Intelligent Security Graph collects all the security-related data from every Microsoft application.
- It then crunches this massive amount of threat intelligence and security data from across Microsoft’s portfolio against indicators, expert human rules, and machine learning (ML) algorithms in Microsoft AI.
- Intelligent Security Graph then generates meaningful alerts, identifying threat components and activities that automated investigation and response (AIR) capabilities can remediate.
For example, Microsoft Threat Protection distinguishes between malicious and normal attempts to write to the system registry. It does so by looking at millions of examples of registry writes and their contexts. These contexts include the files or processes involved, file pedigrees, changes made to the registry, dates and times of changes, and so on. With this much baseline information, Microsoft AI can confidently raise alerts and start conducting remediation activities, rapidly placing harmful registry modifications and associated files in quarantine.
Microsoft AI and other automated systems are effective at finding threats. However, human intuition and flexibility can still beat them when dealing with highly specialized or unusual scenarios. Microsoft Threat Protection's threat hunting capabilities provide the tools needed by human analysts to let them:
- Effectively access and handle large sets of data. Microsoft Threat Protection's interface is easy-to-use, it's responsive, and it labels and organizes data well. At the same time, log storage is as straightforward as any competitive cloud-based storage and compute solution. Organizations can deploy and scale Microsoft Threat Protection without professional system integrators or other specialists.
- Automate monitoring of interesting matches to new data. Microsoft Threat Protection monitors new activities for matches to the attack activities that analysts modeled. Without this automation, analysts must manually look for matches as new data comes in.
Knowledge check
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