Microsoft Viva Glint Patient Safety Survey - methodology
The methodology used to develop the Microsoft Viva Glint Patient Safety Survey followed these steps:
- Exploratory interviews with external patient safety experts and practitioners were conducted.
- A thorough literature review on the culture of patient safety which included over 90 articles and 15-20 patient safety culture survey instruments. All Leapfrog-approved instruments were included.
- Development of a 295-item taxonomy with 48 different patient safety domains.
- The list was culled down to 80 items and 18 domains for scientific testing. Items were evaluated for clarity and simplicity; items assessing the same or similar constructs were removed.
- Viva Glint researchers developed several theoretical models of patient safety culture for scientific testing based on their findings.
- A random sample of over 1,300 full-time healthcare professionals in the U.S., consistent with Leapfrog’s guidance, received the items. AHRQ items and actual patient safety outcomes (e.g., Leapfrog grade, HCAHPS patient satisfaction data, Hospital-acquired infections, Post-surgical infections) were included in the item set for validation purposes.
- Statistical testing and additional feedback provided validity and reliability information to choose the best performing items for the final instrument. These tests and processes included:
- Factor analysis (single factor, EFA, CFA)
- Reliability analysis (alpha)
- Alpha-if-item-Deleted
- Correlations
- Skewness
- Kurtosis
- Standard deviation
- Correlations to established or validated culture of patient safety items (i.e., AHRQ)
- Correlation to overall Culture of Patient Safety outcome - a two-item outcome measure was developed after careful testing. The extent to which other items correlated to this outcome was a factor in selecting the item or not.
- Inter-item correlations
- Correlations to publicly reported external patient safety outcome measures like HCAHPS, Leapfrog grades, and Infections
- Relative weights analysis
- Proportion of variance explained in the facet
- Survey review by our expert team
- Final review by five external patient safety experts
After thorough testing, single-marker items were chosen for various safety topics such as Just culture, Psychological safety, Communication, Teamwork, Across-department communication, and Leadership commitment to safety.
Top performing items were identified and additional testing was done on these final 16 items.
A 62-page technical report was assembled and sent to Leapfrog’s expert panel for validation.
Note
Viva Glint received Leapfrog approval in June of 2020.
Read the Viva People Science blog on improving patient safety culture
Many healthcare customers have moved to the Viva Glint patient safety survey to help assess and improve their patient safety culture. Viva Glint Principal People Scientist, Ryan Lebow, provides a datasheet on using the Microsoft Viva Glint patient safety survey to help improve patient safety culture.