Understanding Windows Update rules for driver distribution

This article describes how you can control when Windows Update distributes your driver.

When submitting a driver to Windows Update, the Driver Delivery Options section presents two radio buttons: Automatic and Manual

Under the Automatic option there are two checkboxes: Automatically delivered during Windows Upgrades and Automatically delivered to all applicable systems. Automatic is the default setting for all new shipping labels.

When the first checkbox is selected, the driver is classified as a Dynamic Update (a term that applies to upgrade scenarios). Windows automatically preloads drivers in this category when upgrading the OS.

When the second checkbox is selected, the driver is downloaded and installed automatically on all applicable systems once it is released. All Automatic drivers must first have been evaluated by Microsoft through Driver Flighting.

For more info about the Manual option, see Publish a driver to Windows Update.

User plugs in a device

When a device is connected to a Windows system:

• Plug and Play (PnP) looks for a compatible driver already available on the computer.

  • If one exists, Windows installs it on the device. Then, during the next daily scan of Windows Update, Windows searches for a more up-to-date version of the driver. This can take up to 24 hours from when the device is plugged in.

  • If there is no compatible driver on the computer, Windows searches Windows Update immediately for the highest-ranking Automatic driver.

When searching Windows Update:

• In Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier, if no Automatic driver is available for the device, Windows proceeds to the highest-ranking Manual driver.

• Starting in Windows 10, version 2004, Windows does not search for a Manual driver when an Automatic driver is not available. For info on how to access Manual drivers, see the Windows Update section of this page.

Device Manager

In Device Manager, when a user selects Update driver:

• In Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier, Windows installs the highest-ranking driver from Windows Update, regardless of whether it is classified as Automatic or Manual.
• Starting in Windows 10 version 2004, Windows only searches the local computer.

When it fails to find a driver, Device Manager shows a button labeled Search for updated drivers on Windows Update, which opens the Settings app to the Windows Update page. To find this button, right-click a device and select Properties. On the Driver tab, select Update Driver and then Search automatically for drivers.

• Starting in Windows 10, version 2004, click Search for updated drivers on Windows Update and then select View optional updates->Driver updates to download Manual drivers.
• In earlier versions of Windows, Device Manager downloads Manual drivers on its own.

Windows Update

During a Windows Update scan (scheduled or user-initiated):

• In Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier, Windows Update automatically distributes Manual drivers in either of the following scenarios:

  • A device has no applicable drivers available in the Driver Store (raising a "driver not found" error), and there is no applicable Automatic driver
  • A device has only a generic driver in the Driver Store, which provides only basic device functionality, and there is no applicable Automatic driver

• Starting in Windows 10, version 2004, Windows Update distributes only Automatic drivers for a system's devices. When Manual drivers are available for devices on the computer, the Windows Update page in the Settings app displays View optional updates .

Summary

The following table summarizes the information above. Windows Update is abbreviated WU.

Driver delivery options	OS upgrades	Connecting new device	Device Manager	WU scan	WU Optional updates page
Automatic (both checkboxes)	Yes	Only if the local driver is generic or missing	Only in Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier	Yes	No
Automatic (to all applicable systems)	Yes	Only if the local driver is generic or missing	Only in Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier	Yes	No
Automatic (during Windows Upgrades)	Yes	No	Only in Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier	No	Yes
Manual in Windows 10, version 1909 and earlier	No	Only if the local driver is generic or missing, and WU has no applicable Automatic driver	Yes	Only if the local driver is generic or missing, and WU has no applicable Automatic driver	N/A
Manual in Windows 10, version 2004 and later	No	No	No	No	Yes