Hello David Taylor, please try to create a new SAS token with the necessary permissions to the targeted resources like containers and objects. Use this newly created SAS token and try to upload the file again.
Considering that you mentioned that this is a large encrypted file/data that you're trying to upload, consider adjusting the timeouts for the blob clients. You can possibly set timeouts to infinite timespan to avoid issues during large file uploads.
If the above two doesn't work, consider using AzCopy instead which is a really useful tool for uploading large files and provides more control and flexibility.
You may find this to be a useful read -- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/common/storage-choose-data-transfer-solution
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