Have almost the same problem. Have spent many hours and hours trying to salvage
data and program installations without any success.
I should be tempted to say I find it beyond credible that this has happened. I didn't ask for the update, didn't need it, but W10 decided to update anyway and now the system is stuck in an infinite loop that boots, says it's trying to recover a previous version, trying to restore and then boots again, ad infinitum, ad nauseum.
I have tried with an ISO image; the "tools" supplied with the ISO image are useless. Think about that for a moment Microsoft: the "tools" you supply are useless. By definition, "tool" is a requisite intended to facilitate a desired outcome. However, your "tools" can neither fix the installation nor aid in any other way, except by offering to install a completely new version of W10, losing existing data and software in the process. Needless to say, I am still reluctant to take that step.
W10 is hyped as a service, Another misnoma: perhaps a "disservice" would be more honest and apt.
I should be tempted to say I find it beyond credible that this has happened. But after all this has been the Microsoft way for the past 33 years. Little Wonder that Bill became a somewhat philanthropist in later years; the karmic pressure must have been intolerable.
So ultimately the question to you is: apart from the useless stream of excuses and "tools", is there a solution to your problem that does not involve loss of data and s/w installations?