Script de PowerShell: carga de datos incremental mediante el uso de Azure Data Factory

Este script de PowerShell de ejemplo carga solo los registros nuevos o actualizados desde un almacén de datos de origen a un almacén de datos del receptor después de la copia completa inicial de datos del origen al receptor.

Nota

Se recomienda usar el módulo Azure Az de PowerShell para interactuar con Azure. Para empezar, consulte Instalación de Azure PowerShell. Para más información sobre cómo migrar al módulo Az de PowerShell, consulte Migración de Azure PowerShell de AzureRM a Az.

Este ejemplo requiere Azure PowerShell. Ejecute Get-Module -ListAvailable Az para encontrar la versión. Si necesita instalarla o actualizarla, consulte el artículo sobre cómo instalar el módulo de Azure PowerShell.

Ejecute el cmdlet Connect-AzAccount para conectarse a Azure.

Vea tutorial: copia incremental para consultar los requisitos previos de ejecución de este ejemplo.

Script de ejemplo

Importante

Este script crea archivos JSON que definen entidades de Data Factory (servicio vinculado, conjunto de datos y canalización) en la carpeta c:\ del disco duro.

# Set variables with your own values
$resourceGroupName = "<azure resource group name>" # group will be created if it does not exist already
$dataFactoryName = "<data factory name>" # must be globally unique
$dataFactoryRegion = "East US" 
$storageAccountName = "<Az.Storage account name>"
$storageAccountKey = "<Az.Storage account key>"
$azureSqlServer = "<azure sql server name>"
$azureSqlDatabase = "<azure sql database name>"
$azureSqlUser = "<azure sql server - user name>"
$azureSqlPassword = "<azure sql server - user password>"
$outputBlobFolderPath = "<azure blob container>/<folder>" # output folder where the records are copied. 

$azureStorageLinkedServiceName = "AzureStorageLinkedService"
$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedServiceName = "AzureSQLDatabaseLinkedService"
$sourceDatasetName = "SourceDataset"
$sinkDatasetName = "SinkDataset"
$sourceSqlTableName = "datasource"
$watermarkDatasetName = "WatermarkDataset"
$pipelineName = "IncrementalCopyPipeline"

# Create a resource group
New-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroupName -Location $dataFactoryRegion


# Create a data factory
$df = Set-AzDataFactoryV2 -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Location $dataFactoryRegion -Name $dataFactoryName 

# Create an Az.Storage linked service in the data factory

## JSON definition of the linked service. 
$storageLinkedServiceDefinition = @"
{
    "name": "$azureStorageLinkedServiceName",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureStorage",
        "typeProperties": {
            "connectionString": {
                "value": "DefaultEndpointsProtocol=https;AccountName=$storageAccountName;AccountKey=$storageAccountKey",
                "type": "SecureString"
            }
        }
    }
}
"@

## IMPORTANT: stores the JSON definition in a file that will be used by the Set-AzDataFactoryV2LinkedService command. 
$storageLinkedServiceDefinition | Out-File ./$azureStorageLinkedServiceName.json

## Creates a linked service in the data factory
Set-AzDataFactoryV2LinkedService -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Name "$azureStorageLinkedServiceName" -File ./$azureStorageLinkedServiceName.json

## JSON definition of the linked service. 
$azureSQLDatabaseLinkedServiceDefinition = @"
{
    "name": "$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedService",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureSqlDatabase",
        "typeProperties": {
            "connectionString": {
                "value": "Server = tcp:$azureSqlServer.database.windows.net,1433;Initial Catalog=$azureSqlDatabase; Persist Security Info=False; User ID=$azureSqlUser; Password=$azureSqlPassword; MultipleActiveResultSets = False; Encrypt = True; TrustServerCertificate = False; Connection Timeout = 30;",
                "type": "SecureString"
            }
        }
    }
}
"@

## IMPORTANT: stores the JSON definition in a file that will be used by the Set-AzDataFactoryV2LinkedService command. 
$azureSQLDatabaseLinkedServiceDefinition | Out-File ./$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedServiceName.json

## Creates a linked service in the data factory
Set-AzDataFactoryV2LinkedService -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Name "$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedServiceName" -File ./$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedServiceName.json

# Create an Azure SQL dataset in the data factory

## JSON definition of the dataset
$sourceDataset = @"
{
    "name": "$sourceDatasetName",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureSqlTable",
        "typeProperties": {
            "tableName": "$sourceSqlTableName"
        },
        "linkedServiceName": {
            "referenceName": "$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedServiceName",
            "type": "LinkedServiceReference"
        }
    }
}
"@

## IMPORTANT: store the JSON definition in a file that will be used by the Set-AzDataFactoryV2Dataset command. 
$sourceDataset | Out-File ./$sourceDatasetName.json

## Create a dataset in the data factory
Set-AzDataFactoryV2Dataset -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Name "$sourceDatasetName" -File "./$sourceDatasetName.json"


# Create an Azure Blob dataset in the data factory

## JSON definition of the dataset
$sinkDataset = @"
{
    "name": "$sinkDatasetName",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureBlob",
        "typeProperties": {
            "folderPath": "$outputBlobFolderPath",
            "format": {
                "type": "TextFormat"
            }
        },
        "linkedServiceName": {
            "referenceName": "$azureStorageLinkedServiceName",
            "type": "LinkedServiceReference"
        }
    }
}
"@

## IMPORTANT: store the JSON definition in a file that will be used by the Set-AzDataFactoryV2Dataset command. 
$sinkDataset | Out-File ./$sinkDatasetName.json

## Create a dataset in the data factory
Set-AzDataFactoryV2Dataset -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Name "$sinkDatasetName" -File "./$sinkDatasetName.json"

## JSON definition of the dataset
$watermarkDataset = @"
{
    "name": "$watermarkDatasetName",
    "properties": {
        "type": "AzureSqlTable",
        "typeProperties": {
            "tableName": "watermarktable"
        },
        "linkedServiceName": {
            "referenceName": "$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedServiceName",
            "type": "LinkedServiceReference"
        }
    }
}
"@

## IMPORTANT: store the JSON definition in a file that will be used by the Set-AzDataFactoryV2Dataset command. 
$watermarkDataset | Out-File ./$watermarkDatasetName.json

## Create a dataset in the data factory
Set-AzDataFactoryV2Dataset -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Name "$watermarkDatasetName" -File "./$watermarkDatasetName.json"

# Create a pipeline in the data factory

## JSON definition of the pipeline
$pipelineDefinition = @"
{
    "name": "$pipelineName",
    "properties": {
        "activities": [
            {
                "name": "LookupWaterMarkActivity",
                "type": "Lookup",
                "typeProperties": {
                    "source": {
                    "type": "SqlSource",
                    "sqlReaderQuery": "select * from watermarktable"
                    },

                    "dataset": {
                    "referenceName": "$watermarkDatasetName",
                    "type": "DatasetReference"
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "name": "LookupMaxValuefromSourceActivity",
                "type": "Lookup",
                "typeProperties": {
                    "source": {
                        "type": "SqlSource",
                        "sqlReaderQuery": "SELECT MAX(LastModifytime) as NewWatermarkvalue FROM dbo.datasource"
                    },

                    "dataset": {
                    "referenceName": "$sourceDatasetName",
                    "type": "DatasetReference"
                    }
                }
            },

            {
                "name": "IncrementalCopyActivity",
                "type": "Copy",
                "typeProperties": {
                    "source": {
                        "type": "SqlSource",
                        "sqlReaderQuery": "select * from dbo.datasource where LastModifytime > '@{activity('LookupWaterMarkActivity').output.WatermarkValue}' and LastModifytime <= '@{activity('LookupMaxValuefromSourceActivity').output.NewWatermarkvalue}'"
                    },
                    "sink": {
                        "type": "BlobSink"
                    }
                },
                "dependsOn": [
                    {
                        "activity": "LookupMaxValuefromSourceActivity",
                        "dependencyConditions": [
                            "Succeeded"
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "activity": "LookupWaterMarkActivity",
                        "dependencyConditions": [
                            "Succeeded"
                        ]
                    }
                ],

                "inputs": [
                    {
                        "referenceName": "$sourceDatasetName",
                        "type": "DatasetReference"
                    }
                ],
                "outputs": [
                    {
                        "referenceName": "$sinkDatasetName",
                        "type": "DatasetReference"
                    }
                ]
            },

            {
                "name": "StoredProceduretoWriteWatermarkActivity",
                "type": "SqlServerStoredProcedure",
                "typeProperties": {

                    "storedProcedureName": "sp_write_watermark",
                    "storedProcedureParameters": {
                        "LastModifiedtime": {"value": "@{activity('LookupMaxValuefromSourceActivity').output.NewWatermarkvalue}", "type": "datetime" },
                        "TableName":  { "value":"@{activity('LookupWaterMarkActivity').output.TableName}", "type":"String"}
                    }
                },

                "linkedServiceName": {
                    "referenceName": "$azureSqlDatabaseLinkedServiceName",
                    "type": "LinkedServiceReference"
                },

                "dependsOn": [
                    {
                        "activity": "IncrementalCopyActivity",
                        "dependencyConditions": [
                            "Succeeded"
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            }
        ],

    }
}
"@

## IMPORTANT: store the JSON definition in a file that will be used by the Set-AzDataFactoryV2Pipeline command. 
$pipelineDefinition | Out-File ./$pipelineName.json

## Create a pipeline in the data factory
Set-AzDataFactoryV2Pipeline -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -Name "$pipelineName" -File "./$pipelineName.json"


$RunId = Invoke-AzDataFactoryV2Pipeline -PipelineName "$pipelineName" -ResourceGroup $resourceGroupName -dataFactoryName $dataFactoryName

# Check the pipeline run status until it finishes the copy operation
Start-Sleep -Seconds 30
while ($True) {
    $result = Get-AzDataFactoryV2ActivityRun -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName -PipelineRunId $runId -RunStartedAfter (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-30) -RunStartedBefore (Get-Date).AddMinutes(30)

    if (($result | Where-Object { $_.Status -eq "InProgress" } | Measure-Object).count -ne 0) {
        Write-Host "Pipeline run status: In Progress" -foregroundcolor "Yellow"
        Start-Sleep -Seconds 30
    }
    else {
        Write-Host "Pipeline '"$pipelineName"' run finished. Result:" -foregroundcolor "Yellow"
        $result
        break
    }
}


$result = Get-AzDataFactoryV2ActivityRun -DataFactoryName $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
    -PipelineRunId $runId `
    -RunStartedAfter (Get-Date).AddMinutes(-10) `
    -RunStartedBefore (Get-Date).AddMinutes(10) `
    -ErrorAction Stop

$result

if ($result.Status -eq "Succeeded") {`
    $result.Output -join "`r`n"`
}`
else {`
    $result.Error -join "`r`n"`
}

# INSERT INTO datasource
# VALUES (6, 'newdata','9/6/2017 2:23:00 AM')

# INSERT INTO datasource
# VALUES (7, 'newdata','9/7/2017 9:01:00 AM')

# Inovke the pipeline and see that only new records are copied to the destination. 


# To remove the data factory from the resource gorup
# Remove-AzDataFactoryV2 -Name $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName
# 
# To remove the whole resource group
# Remove-AzResourceGroup  -Name $resourceGroupName

Limpieza de la implementación

Después de ejecutar el script de ejemplo, puede usar el comando siguiente para quitar el grupo de recursos y todos los recursos asociados a él:

Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName

Para eliminar la factoría de datos del grupo de recursos, ejecute el siguiente comando:

Remove-AzDataFactoryV2 -Name $dataFactoryName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName

Explicación del script

Este script usa los siguientes comandos:

Get-Help	Notas
New-AzResourceGroup	Crea un grupo de recursos en el que se almacenan todos los recursos.
Set-AzDataFactoryV2	Creación de una factoría de datos.
Set-AzDataFactoryV2LinkedService	Crea un servicio vinculado en la factoría de datos. Un servicio vinculado enlaza un almacén de datos o proceso a una factoría de datos.
Set-AzDataFactoryV2Dataset	Crea un conjunto de datos en la factoría de datos. Un conjunto de datos representa la entrada/salida para una actividad en una canalización.
Set-AzDataFactoryV2Pipeline	Crea una canalización en la factoría de datos. Una canalización contiene una o varias actividades que realizan una operación determinada. En esta canalización, una actividad de copia realiza una copia de los datos de una ubicación en otra ubicación en una instancia de Azure Blob Storage.
Invoke-AzDataFactoryV2Pipeline	Crea una ejecución para la canalización. En otras palabras, ejecuta la canalización.
Get-AzDataFactoryV2ActivityRun	Obtiene información detallada sobre la ejecución de la actividad (actividad ejecutar) en la canalización.
Remove-AzResourceGroup	Elimina un grupo de recursos, incluidos todos los recursos anidados.

Contenido relacionado

Para más información sobre Azure PowerShell, consulte la documentación de Azure PowerShell.

Encontrará más ejemplos de scripts de PowerShell de Azure Data Factory en los scripts de PowerShell de Azure Data Factory.