Realizar copias de seguridad del Paquete de Microsoft Azure: Sitios web

 

Se aplica a: Windows Azure Pack

La copia de seguridad de Windows Azure Pack: Sitios web implica tres componentes principales: el controlador de Sitios web, SQL Server y el servidor de archivos. A continuación se proporcionan vínculos a las secciones respectivas.

A. Copia de seguridad del controlador de sitios web

B. Copia de seguridad de SQL Server

C. Copia de seguridad del servidor de archivos

A. Copia de seguridad del controlador de sitios web

Para hacer copia de seguridad del controlador de Sitios web, puede utilizar el script Backup.ps1 de PowerShell que se presenta en esta sección. Este script invoca el sistema de escritura del Servicio de instantáneas de volumen (VSS) de Windows para realizar la copia de seguridad.

Copie el script Backup.ps1 al controlador de Sitios web y ejecute el comando siguiente con privilegios de administrador:

net use /Y $backupLocation /user:$backupMachineAdmin $backupMachinePassword  
.\Backup.ps1 $backupLocation $encryptionKey  

Nota:

La marca $encryptionKey es opcional, pero se recomienda encarecidamente su uso como precaución de seguridad adicional.

Advertencia

No olvide la clave de cifrado, porque no se almacena automáticamente de ninguna manera.

A continuación se muestra el script Backup.ps1.

##  Script to backup the controller using the Hosting VSS writer  
  
param (  
[parameter(Position=2)]  
$backupPath,  
[parameter(Position=3)]  
$passphrase  
)  
  
function ShowHelp  
{  
    Write-Host '===================== BACKUP.PS1 HELP ====================='  
    Write-Host 'This is a script that uses the Hosting VSS writer and creates a backup of the keys and offline feed'  
    Write-Host 'Invoke it using .\Backup.ps1 and follow the prompts'  
    Write-Host 'It can also be invoked as follows:'  
    Write-Host '.\Backup.ps1 <Backup path> <passphrase to encrypt keys with>'  
Write-Host "Note: before running this script you may need to run:`r`n   'net use /Y <Backup path> /user:<username> <password>'"  
    Write-Host '==========================================================='  
}  
  
function CopyFiles  
{  
    # copy from the exposed location to where we're backing up to  
    $commands = @()  
    # $exposedDrive is the VSS shadow copy drive  
    $commands += "'D' | xcopy /Y /q /E '${exposedDrive}:\$feedLocationNQ' '$backupPath\$feedLocationNQ'"  
    $commands += "'F' | xcopy /Y /q '${systemDrive}encryptedkeys.txt' '$backupPath'"  
    # wrap each command in retry logic  
    foreach ($command in $commands)  
    {  
        $final += ('$c = 0' +"`r`n")  
        $final += ('do {'+"`r`n")  
        $final += (' $c++' + "`r`n Start-Sleep -s 2`r`n ")  
        $final += ($command + "`r`n")  
        $final += '} while (!($?) -and $c -lt 10)'+"`r`n"  
        $command = $command -replace "'", '"'  
        $final += ('if($?)'+"{'Successfully executed: $command'}`r`n")  
        $final += ("else{ 'There was a problem executing: $command'}`r`n")  
    }  
    $final | Set-Content "copyfiles.ps1"     
}  
  
function EncryptKeys($keysFile, $passphrase, $salt, $init, $systemDrive)  
{  
    $encryptscript = @"  
function EncryptString(`$keysFile, `$passphrase, `$salt, `$init)   
{   
    `$ret = @()  
    `$stringsToEncrypt = (Get-Content `$keysFile)  
    foreach (`$stringToEncrypt in `$stringsToEncrypt)  
    {  
        `$r = new-Object System.Security.Cryptography.RijndaelManaged  
        `$pass = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes(`$passphrase)  
        `$salt = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes(`$salt)  
        `$r.Key = (new-Object Security.Cryptography.PasswordDeriveBytes `$pass, `$salt, 'SHA1', 5).GetBytes(32) #256/8   
        `$r.IV = (new-Object Security.Cryptography.SHA1Managed).ComputeHash( [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes(`$init) )[0..15]        
        `$c = `$r.CreateEncryptor()   
        `$ms = new-Object IO.MemoryStream   
        `$cs = new-Object Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream `$ms,`$c,'Write'  
        `$sw = new-Object IO.StreamWriter `$cs   
        `$sw.Write(`$stringToEncrypt)   
        `$sw.Close()   
        `$cs.Close()   
        `$ms.Close()   
        `$r.Clear()   
        [byte[]]`$result = `$ms.ToArray()   
        `$ret += [Convert]::ToBase64String(`$result)  
    }  
    return `$ret  
}  
  
"@      
    $encryptscript += "EncryptString '$keysFile' '$passphrase' '$salt' '$init' > '${systemDrive}encryptedkeys.txt'"  
    # $encryptscript += \"`r`ndel ${systemDrive}keys.txt\"  
    $encryptscript | set-content "encryptkeys.ps1"  
}  
  
if ($backupPath -and $backupPath.Contains('/?'))  
{   
    ShowHelp  
    return  
}  
Write-Host 'Starting the backup process. Run with /? to see help.'  
Write-Host "Note: before running this script you may need to run:`r`n   'net use /Y <backupPath> /user:<username> <password>'"  
# argument parsing  
if (!$backupPath)  
{  
    $backupPath = Read-Host "Please enter the fully qualified backup path (e.g. \\backupmachine\C$\backuplocation)"  
}  
if (!$passphrase)  
{  
    $passphrase = Read-Host "Please enter a passphrase to encrypt keys (leave blank for no encryption)"  -AsSecureString  
if (!$passphrase)  
{  
$passphrase = ""  
}  
else  
{  
$passphrase = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto([Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($passphrase))  
}  
}  
  
$usedDisks = ((Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_LogicalDisk).DeviceID|%{$_ -replace ':',''})  
foreach ($l in ([char[]]([char]'a'..[char]'z')))  
{  
    if ($usedDisks -notcontains $l)  
    {  
        $exposedDrive = $l  
        break  
    }  
}  
  
$logfile = "backup.log"  
$metadataLocation = 'metadata.cab'  
# expand environment variables  
$backupPath = ([System.Environment]::ExpandEnvironmentVariables($backupPath))  
$systemDrive = [System.Environment]::ExpandEnvironmentVariables('%systemdrive%\')  
$feedLocation = "${systemDrive}HostingOfflineFeed"  
$feedLocation = ([System.Environment]::ExpandEnvironmentVariables($feedLocation))  
$feedLocationNQ = Split-Path $feedLocation -NoQualifier  
$feedLocationNQ = $feedLocationNQ.TrimStart('\')  
$letterLocation = Split-Path $feedLocation -Qualifier   
$letterLocation = $letterLocation -replace ':',''   
# create powershell scripts  
EncryptKeys "${systemDrive}keys.txt" $passphrase "salt12345" "init12345" $systemDrive  
CopyFiles  
# backup using diskshadow  
$diskshadowScript += "set context persistent`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "set metadata ${letterLocation}:\${metadataLocation}`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "begin backup`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "add volume ${feedLocation} alias ${feedLocationNQ}`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "writer verify {079462f1-1079-48dd-b3fb-ccb2f2934ecf}`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "create`r`n"  
# copy files  
$diskshadowScript += "expose %${feedLocationNQ}% ${exposedDrive}: `r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "exec ${env:windir}\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe .\encryptkeys.ps1`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "exec ${env:windir}\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe .\copyfiles.ps1`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "unexpose %${feedLocationNQ}%`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "end backup`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "delete shadows all`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript += "exit`r`n"  
$diskshadowScript | Set-Content "diskshadow1.txt"  
write-host "===================== BEGINNING BACKUP ===================="  
diskshadow /s "diskshadow1.txt" > $logfile  
write-host "===================== BACKUP COMPLETE ====================="  
write-host "======================= CLEANING UP ======================="  
#  CLEAN UP  
del ${letterLocation}:\${metadataLocation} # metadata.cab  
del "diskshadow1.txt"  
write-host "===================== DONE CLEANING UP ===================="  
write-host "=============== SEE BACKUP.LOG FOR DETAILS ================"  
del "copyfiles.ps1"  
del "encryptkeys.ps1"  
del "${systemDrive}encryptedkeys.txt"  
del "${systemDrive}keys.txt"  
  

B. Copia de seguridad de SQL Server

A la hora de hacer copia de seguridad de SQL Server, debe hacer copia de seguridad de las bases de datos de hospedaje, de medición de recursos y maestra. Puesto que el entorno de SQL de cada usuario es diferente, ningún script puede satisfacer los requisitos de todos los usuarios. El siguiente script de ejemplo se proporciona con fines ilustrativos únicamente y no se ofrece soporte técnico del mismo. El script que cree debe ejecutarse con privilegios administrativos.

Script de copia de seguridad de SQL Server de ejemplo

Nota

Microsoft no ofrece soporte técnico para este script.

param ([string] $backupUser = "Administrator", $backupPassword, $sqlServer, $sqlUser = "sa", $sqlPassword, $backupLocation = "\\backupMachine\c$\Backup")  
sqlcmd -S $sqlServer -U $sqlUser -P $sqlPassword -Q "BACKUP DATABASE [Hosting] TO DISK='C:\HostingOfflineFeed\Hosting.bak'"  
sqlcmd -S $sqlServer -U $sqlUser -P $sqlPassword -Q "BACKUP DATABASE [ResourceMetering] TO DISK='C:\HostingOfflineFeed\ResourceMetering.bak'"  
sqlcmd -S $sqlServer -U $sqlUser -P $sqlPassword -Q "BACKUP DATABASE [master] TO DISK='C:\HostingOfflineFeed\master.bak'"  
net use $backupLocation /user:$backupUser $backupPassword  
xcopy /Y /q C:\HostingOfflineFeed\Hosting.bak $backupLocation\  
xcopy /Y /q C:\HostingOfflineFeed\ResourceMetering.bak $backupLocation\  
xcopy /Y /q C:\HostingOfflineFeed\master.bak $backupLocation\  
del C:\HostingOfflineFeed\Hosting.bak  
del C:\HostingOfflineFeed\ResourceMetering.bak  
del C:\HostingOfflineFeed\master.bak  

C. Copia de seguridad del servidor de archivos

Al realizar una copia de seguridad del servidor de archivos, debe hacer una copia de seguridad del recurso compartido de WebSites, las ACL de la carpeta indicada anteriormente y las cuotas del servidor de archivos Resource Manager (FSRM) para el recurso compartido de WebSites.

Nota

El recurso compartido de certificados no se usa en Windows Paquete acumulativo de actualizaciones de Azure Pack Web Sites V2 6 o posterior. Si está ejecutando una versión anterior de Windows Azure Pack Web Sites V2, asegúrese de realizar una copia de seguridad del recurso compartido de certificados y las ACL.

Puesto que el entorno de servidor de archivos de cada usuario es diferente, ningún script puede satisfacer los requisitos de todos los usuarios. Los siguientes scripts de ejemplo se proporcionan con fines ilustrativos únicamente y no se ofrece soporte técnico de los mismos. Los scripts que cree deben ejecutarse con privilegios administrativos.

Script de copia de seguridad del servidor de archivos de ejemplo

Nota

Microsoft no ofrece soporte técnico para este script.

param ([string] $backupUser = "Administrator", $backupPassword, $websiteFolder = "C:\websites", $backupLocation = "\\backupmachine\c$\backup" )
net use $backupLocation /user:$backupUser $backupPassword
xcopy /Y /q /E $websiteFolder $backupLocation\ 

Script de copia de seguridad de datos de cuota de FSRM de ejemplo

Nota

Microsoft no ofrece soporte técnico para este script.

param ([string] $backupUser = "Administrator", $backupPassword, $backupLocation = "\\machine\c$\backup")
net use \\$backupLocation /user:$backupUser $backupPassword
dirquota template export /File:C:\templates.xml
xcopy /Y /q C:\templates.xml $backupLocation\
net stop srmReports
net stop srmSvc
net stop quota
net stop Datascrn
robocopy "C:\System Volume Information\SRM" $backupLocation\SRM /E /ZB /R:3 /W:5
net start Datascrn
net start quota
net start srmSvc
net start srmReports 

Consulte también

Restaurar el Paquete de Microsoft Azure: Sitios web
Implementar Windows Azure Pack: Sitios web