Cómo: Enlazar datos a los elementos de Windows Presentation Foundation (WCF Data Services)
Con WCF Data Services , puede enlazar elementos de Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) como la clase ListBox o la clase ComboBox a una instancia de la clase DataServiceCollection, que controla los eventos generados por los controles para mantener la clase DataServiceContext sincronizada con los cambios efectuados en los datos de los controles. Para obtener más información, vea Enlazar datos a controles (WCF Data Services).
En el ejemplo de este tema se utiliza el servicio de datos de ejemplo Northwind y clases del servicio de datos del cliente generadas automáticamente. Se crean este servicio y las clases de datos del cliente al completar el tutorial rápido de WCF Data Services.
Ejemplo
El ejemplo siguiente corresponde a la página de código subyacente de una página de lenguaje XAML que define la ventana SalesOrders en WPF. Cuando se carga la ventana, se crea una DataServiceCollection dependiendo del resultado de una consulta que devuelve los clientes filtrados por país. Se cargan todas las páginas de este resultado paginado, junto con los pedidos relacionados, y se enlazan a la propiedad DataContext de StackPanel que es el control de diseño raíz para la ventana de WPF. Para obtener más información, vea Cargar contenido aplazado (WCF Data Services).
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Windows
Imports System.Windows.Controls
Imports System.Windows.Data
Imports System.Windows.Documents
Imports System.Windows.Input
Imports System.Windows.Media
Imports System.Windows.Media.Imaging
Imports System.Windows.Navigation
Imports System.Windows.Shapes
Imports System.Data.Services.Client
Imports NorthwindClient.Northwind
Partial Public Class CustomerOrdersWpf3
Inherits Window
Private context As NorthwindEntities
Private trackedCustomers As DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)
Private Const customerCountry As String = "Germany"
Private Const svcUri As String = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/"
Private Sub Window_Loaded(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
Try
' Initialize the context for the data service.
context = New NorthwindEntities(New Uri(svcUri))
' Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
Dim customerQuery = From cust In context.Customers _
Where cust.Country = customerCountry _
Select cust
' Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
trackedCustomers = New DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)(customerQuery)
' Load all pages of the response at once.
While trackedCustomers.Continuation IsNot Nothing
trackedCustomers.Load( _
context.Execute(Of Customer)(trackedCustomers.Continuation.NextLinkUri))
End While
' Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection
' related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
Me.LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers
Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString())
Catch ex As InvalidOperationException
MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString())
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub customerIDComboBox_SelectionChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As SelectionChangedEventArgs)
Dim selectedCustomer As Customer = _
CType(Me.customerIDComboBox.SelectedItem, Customer)
Try
If selectedCustomer.Orders.Count = 0 Then
' Load the first page of related orders for the selected customer.
context.LoadProperty(selectedCustomer, "Orders")
End If
' Load all remaining pages.
While selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation IsNot Nothing
selectedCustomer.Orders.Load( _
context.Execute(Of Order)(selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation.NextLinkUri))
End While
Catch ex As Exception
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString())
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub saveChangesButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
Try
' Save changes to the data service.
context.SaveChanges()
Catch ex As Exception
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString())
End Try
End Sub
End Class
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Data.Services.Client;
using NorthwindClient.Northwind;
namespace NorthwindClient
{
public partial class CustomerOrdersWpf3 : Window
{
private NorthwindEntities context;
private DataServiceCollection<Customer> trackedCustomers;
private const string customerCountry = "Germany";
private const string svcUri = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/";
public CustomerOrdersWpf3()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
// Initialize the context for the data service.
context = new NorthwindEntities(new Uri(svcUri));
// Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
var customerQuery = from cust in context.Customers
where cust.Country == customerCountry
select cust;
// Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
trackedCustomers = new DataServiceCollection<Customer>(customerQuery);
// Load all pages of the response at once.
while (trackedCustomers.Continuation != null)
{
trackedCustomers.Load(
context.Execute<Customer>(trackedCustomers.Continuation.NextLinkUri));
}
// Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection;
// related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers;
}
catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString());
}
catch (InvalidOperationException ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString());
}
}
private void customerIDComboBox_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
Customer selectedCustomer =
this.customerIDComboBox.SelectedItem as Customer;
try
{
// Load the first page of related orders for the selected customer.
context.LoadProperty(selectedCustomer, "Orders");
// Load all remaining pages.
while (selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation != null)
{
selectedCustomer.Orders.Load(
context.Execute<Order>(selectedCustomer.Orders.Continuation.NextLinkUri));
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
private void saveChangesButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
// Save changes to the data service.
context.SaveChanges();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
}
}
El siguiente XAML define la ventana SalesOrders en WPF del ejemplo anterior.
<Window x:Class="CustomerOrdersWpf3"
xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
Height="423" Width="679" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" Height="Auto" Name="LayoutRoot" Width="Auto">
<Label Content="Customer ID" Margin="20,0,0,0" />
<ComboBox Name="customerIDComboBox" DisplayMemberPath="CustomerID" ItemsSource="{Binding}"
SelectionChanged="customerIDComboBox_SelectionChanged"
IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" SelectedIndex="0" Height="23" Width="120"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="20,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
<ListView ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Orders}" Name="ordersDataGrid" Margin="34,46,34,50">
<ListView.View>
<GridView AllowsColumnReorder="False" ColumnHeaderToolTip="Line Items">
<GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderID, Mode=OneWay}"
Header="Order ID" Width="50"/>
<GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderDate, Mode=TwoWay}"
Header="Order Date" Width="50"/>
<GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Freight, Mode=TwoWay}"
Header="Freight Cost" Width="50"/>
</GridView>
</ListView.View>
</ListView>
<Button Name="saveChangesButton" Content="Save Changes" Click="saveChangesButton_Click"
Width="80" Height="30" Margin="450,0,0,0"/>
</StackPanel>
</Window>
El ejemplo siguiente corresponde a la página de código subyacente de una página de lenguaje XAML que define la ventana SalesOrders en WPF. Cuando se carga la ventana, se crea una DataServiceCollection dependiendo del resultado de una consulta que devuelve los clientes con objetos relacionados, filtrados por país. Este resultado se enlaza a la propiedad DataContext de StackPanel que es el control de diseño raíz para la ventana de WPF.
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Windows
Imports System.Windows.Controls
Imports System.Windows.Data
Imports System.Windows.Documents
Imports System.Windows.Input
Imports System.Windows.Media
Imports System.Windows.Media.Imaging
Imports System.Windows.Navigation
Imports System.Windows.Shapes
Imports System.Data.Services.Client
Imports NorthwindClient.Northwind
Partial Public Class CustomerOrdersWpf
Inherits Window
Private context As NorthwindEntities
Private trackedCustomers As DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)
Private Const customerCountry As String = "Germany"
Private Const svcUri As String = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/"
Private Sub Window_Loaded(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
Try
' Initialize the context for the data service.
context = New NorthwindEntities(New Uri(svcUri))
' Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
Dim customerQuery = From cust In context.Customers.Expand("Orders") _
Where cust.Country = customerCountry _
Select cust
' Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
trackedCustomers = New DataServiceCollection(Of Customer)(customerQuery)
' Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection
' related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
Me.LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers
Catch ex As DataServiceQueryException
MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString())
Catch ex As InvalidOperationException
MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString())
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub saveChangesButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As RoutedEventArgs)
' Save changes to the data service.
context.SaveChanges()
End Sub
End Class
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Data.Services.Client;
using NorthwindClient.Northwind;
namespace NorthwindClient
{
public partial class CustomerOrdersWpf : Window
{
private NorthwindEntities context;
private DataServiceCollection<Customer> trackedCustomers;
private const string customerCountry = "Germany";
private const string svcUri = "https://localhost:12345/Northwind.svc/";
public CustomerOrdersWpf()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
// Initialize the context for the data service.
context = new NorthwindEntities(new Uri(svcUri));
// Create a LINQ query that returns customers with related orders.
var customerQuery = from cust in context.Customers.Expand("Orders")
where cust.Country == customerCountry
select cust;
// Create a new collection for binding based on the LINQ query.
trackedCustomers = new DataServiceCollection<Customer>(customerQuery);
// Bind the root StackPanel element to the collection;
// related object binding paths are defined in the XAML.
LayoutRoot.DataContext = trackedCustomers;
}
catch (DataServiceQueryException ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("The query could not be completed:\n" + ex.ToString());
}
catch (InvalidOperationException ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("The following error occurred:\n" + ex.ToString());
}
}
private void saveChangesButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
// Save changes to the data service.
context.SaveChanges();
}
}
}
El siguiente XAML define la ventana SalesOrders en WPF del ejemplo anterior.
<Window x:Class="CustomerOrdersWpf"
xmlns="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="https://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="https://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
Height="423" Width="679" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" Height="Auto" Name="LayoutRoot" Width="Auto">
<Label Content="Customer ID" Margin="20,0,0,0" />
<ComboBox Name="customerIDComboBox" DisplayMemberPath="CustomerID" ItemsSource="{Binding}"
IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" SelectedIndex="0" Height="23" Width="120"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="20,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" />
<ListView ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Orders}" Name="ordersDataGrid" Margin="34,46,34,50">
<ListView.View>
<GridView AllowsColumnReorder="False" ColumnHeaderToolTip="Line Items">
<GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderID, Mode=OneWay}"
Header="Order ID" Width="50"/>
<GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=OrderDate, Mode=TwoWay}"
Header="Order Date" Width="50"/>
<GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Path=Freight, Mode=TwoWay}"
Header="Freight Cost" Width="50"/>
</GridView>
</ListView.View>
</ListView>
<Button Name="saveChangesButton" Content="Save Changes" Click="saveChangesButton_Click"
Width="80" Height="30" Margin="450,0,0,0"/>
</StackPanel>
</Window>