Cómo: Encadenar llamadas asincrónicas con un método de servicio Web

Artículo
10/07/2008

El ejemplo de código siguiente muestra cómo encadenar las llamadas asincrónicas cuando un método de servicio Web realiza más de una llamada asincrónica y las llamadas deben ejecutar secuencialmente. El método BeginGetAuthorRoyalties realiza una llamada asincrónica para determinar si el autor pasado es válido y establece una devolución de llamada intermedia denominada AuthorRoyaltiesCallback para recibir los resultados. Esa devolución de llamada intermedia llama a continuación de forma asincrónica para obtener los derechos de autor para ese autor, si el autor es válido.

Ejemplo

using System.Web.Services;
using System.Data;
using System;
// This imports the proxy class for the Web services
// that the sample communicates with.
using AsyncWS.localhost;

namespace AsyncWS
{
    [WebService(Namespace="https://www.contoso.com/")]
    public class MyService : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {
        public RemoteService remoteService;
        public MyService()
        {
           remoteService = new RemoteService();
        }

        [WebMethod]
        public IAsyncResult BeginGetAuthorRoyalties(String Author,
               AsyncCallback callback, Object asyncState) 
       {
          // Saves the current state for the call that gets the author's
          // royalties.
          AsyncStateChain state = new AsyncStateChain();
          state.originalState = asyncState;
          state.Author = Author;
          state.originalCallback = callback;

          // Creates an intermediary callback.
          AsyncCallback chainedCallback = new
             AsyncCallback(AuthorRoyaltiesCallback);
          return remoteService.BeginGetAuthors(chainedCallback,state);
       }
       // Intermediate method to handle chaining the 
       // asynchronous calls.
       public void AuthorRoyaltiesCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
       {
          AsyncStateChain state = (AsyncStateChain)ar.AsyncState;
          RemoteService rs = new RemoteService();

          // Gets the result from the call to GetAuthors.
          Authors allAuthors = rs.EndGetAuthors(ar);

          Boolean found = false;
          // Verifies that the requested author is valid.
          int i = 0;
          DataRow row;
          while (i < allAuthors.authors.Rows.Count && !found)
          {
             row = allAuthors.authors.Rows[i];
             if (row["au_lname"].ToString() == state.Author) 
             {
                found = true;
             }
             i++;
          }
          if (found)
          {
             AsyncCallback cb = state.originalCallback;
             // Calls the second Web service, because the author is
             // valid.
             rs.BeginReturnedStronglyTypedDS(state.Author,cb,state);
          }
          else
          {
            // Cannot throw the exception in this function or the XML Web
            // service will hang. So, set the state argument to the
            // exception and let the End method of the chained XML Web
            // service check for it.  
            ArgumentException ex = new ArgumentException(
              "Author does not exist.","Author");
            AsyncCallback cb = state.originalCallback;
            // Call the second Web service, setting the state to an
            // exception.
            rs.BeginReturnedStronglyTypedDS(state.Author,cb,ex);
          }
       }

       [WebMethod]
       public AuthorRoyalties EndGetAuthorRoyalties(IAsyncResult
                                                    asyncResult) 
       {
        // Check whehter the first Web service threw an exception.
        if (asyncResult.AsyncState is ArgumentException)
          throw (ArgumentException) asyncResult.AsyncState;
        else
         return remoteService.EndReturnedStronglyTypedDS(asyncResult);
       }
    }
    // Class to wrap the callback and state for the intermediate
    // asynchronous operation.
    public class AsyncStateChain 
    {
       public AsyncCallback originalCallback;
       public Object originalState;
       public String Author;
    }
}

Imports System.Web.Services
Imports System.Data
Imports System
' This imports the proxy class for the Web services
' that the sample communicates with.
Imports AsyncWS_VB.localhost


Namespace AsyncWs

<WebService(Namespace:="https://www.contoso.com/")> _
Public Class MyService
    Inherits WebService
    Public remoteService As remoteService
    Public Sub New()
        MyBase.New()
        remoteService = New localhost.RemoteService()
    End Sub
    ' Defines the Begin method.
    <WebMethod()> _
    Public Function BeginGetAuthorRoyalties(ByVal Author As String, _
    ByVal callback As AsyncCallback, ByVal asyncState As Object) _
                    As IAsyncResult
        ' Saves the current state for the call that gets the author's
        ' royalties.
        Dim state As AsyncStateChain = New AsyncStateChain()
        state.originalState = asyncState
        state.Author = Author
        state.originalCallback = callback

        ' Creates an intermediary callback.
        Dim chainedCallback As AsyncCallback = New AsyncCallback( _
           AddressOf AuthorRoyaltiesCallback)
        ' Begin asynchronous communictation with a different XML Web
        ' service.
        Return remoteService.BeginGetAuthors(chainedCallback, state)
    End Function

    ' Intermediate method to handle chaining the asynchronous calls.
    Public Sub AuthorRoyaltiesCallback(ByVal ar As IAsyncResult)
        Dim state As AsyncStateChain = CType(ar.AsyncState, _
            AsyncStateChain)
        Dim rs As RemoteService = New RemoteService()

        ' Gets the result from the call to GetAuthors.
        Dim allAuthors As Authors = rs.EndGetAuthors(ar)
        Dim found As Boolean = False

        ' Verifies that the requested author is valid.
        Dim i As Integer = 0
        Dim row As DataRow
        While (i < allAuthors.authors.Rows.Count And (Not found))
            row = allAuthors.authors.Rows(i)
            If (row("au_lname").ToString() = state.Author) Then
                found = True
            End If
            i = i + 1
        End While
        If (found) Then
            Dim cb As AsyncCallback = state.originalCallback
            ' Calls the second Web service, because the author is
            ' valid.
            rs.BeginReturnedStronglyTypedDS(state.Author, cb, state)
        Else
          ' Cannot throw the exception in this function or the XML Web
          ' service will hang.  So, set the state argument to the
          ' exception and let the End method of the chained XML Web
          ' service check for it.  
            Dim ex As ArgumentException = New ArgumentException( _ 
                "Author does not exist.", "Author")
            Dim cb As AsyncCallback = state.originalCallback
            ' Call the second Web service, setting the state to an
            ' exception.
            rs.BeginReturnedStronglyTypedDS(state.Author, cb, ex)
        End If
    End Sub

    ' Define the End method.
    <WebMethod()> _
    Public Function EndGetAuthorRoyalties(ByVal asyncResult As _
            IAsyncResult) As localhost.AuthorRoyalties
        ' Return the asynchronous result from the other Web service.
        Return remoteService.EndReturnedStronglyTypedDS(asyncResult)
    End Function

End Class

' Class to wrap the callback and state for the intermediate asynchronous
' operation.
Public Class AsyncStateChain
   Public originalCallback As AsyncCallback
   Public originalState As Object
   Public Author As String
End Class
End Namespace

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Cómo: Encadenar llamadas asincrónicas con un método de servicio Web

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