Ejemplo de programa multiproceso en C

Actualización: noviembre 2007

Bounce.c es un ejemplo de programa multiproceso que crea un nuevo subproceso cada vez que se escribe la letra a o A. Cada subproceso produce una cara sonriente de diferente color que se mueve por la pantalla. Pueden crearse hasta 32 subprocesos. La terminación normal del programa se produce al presionar la tecla q o Q. Para obtener información sobre la compilación y vinculación de Bounce.c, vea Compilar y vincular programas multiproceso.

Ejemplo

Código

// sample_multithread_c_program.c
// compile with: /c
//
//  Bounce - Creates a new thread each time the letter 'a' is typed.
//  Each thread bounces a happy face of a different color around
//  the screen. All threads are terminated when the letter 'Q' is
//  entered.
//

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <process.h>

#define MAX_THREADS  32

// The function getrandom returns a random number between 
// min and max, which must be in integer range.
#define getrandom( min, max ) (SHORT)((rand() % (int)(((max) + 1) - \
                               (min))) + (min))

int main( void );                    // Thread 1: main 
void KbdFunc( void  );               // Keyboard input, thread dispatch
void BounceProc( void * MyID );      // Threads 2 to n: display 
void ClearScreen( void );            // Screen clear 
void ShutDown( void );               // Program shutdown 
void WriteTitle( int ThreadNum );    // Display title bar information 

HANDLE  hConsoleOut;                 // Handle to the console 
HANDLE  hRunMutex;                   // "Keep Running" mutex 
HANDLE  hScreenMutex;                // "Screen update" mutex
int     ThreadNr;                    // Number of threads started 
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbiInfo; // Console information 


int main() // Thread One 
{
    // Get display screen information & clear the screen.
    hConsoleOut = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );
    GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( hConsoleOut, &csbiInfo );
    ClearScreen();
    WriteTitle( 0 );

    // Create the mutexes and reset thread count.
    hScreenMutex = CreateMutex( NULL, FALSE, NULL );  // Cleared 
    hRunMutex = CreateMutex( NULL, TRUE, NULL );      // Set 
    ThreadNr = 0;

    // Start waiting for keyboard input to dispatch threads or exit.
    KbdFunc();

    // All threads done. Clean up handles.
    CloseHandle( hScreenMutex );
    CloseHandle( hRunMutex );
    CloseHandle( hConsoleOut );
}

void ShutDown( void ) // Shut down threads 
{
    while ( ThreadNr > 0 )
    {
        // Tell thread to die and record its death.
        ReleaseMutex( hRunMutex );
        ThreadNr--;   
    }
    
    // Clean up display when done
    WaitForSingleObject( hScreenMutex, INFINITE );
    ClearScreen();
}

void KbdFunc( void ) // Dispatch and count threads.
{
    int         KeyInfo;

    do
    {
        KeyInfo = _getch();
        if ( tolower( KeyInfo ) == 'a' && 
             ThreadNr < MAX_THREADS )
        {
            ThreadNr++;
            _beginthread( BounceProc, 0, &ThreadNr );
            WriteTitle( ThreadNr );
        }
    } while( tolower( KeyInfo ) != 'q' );

    ShutDown();
}

void BounceProc( void *pMyID )
{
    char    MyCell, OldCell;
    WORD    MyAttrib, OldAttrib;
    char    BlankCell = 0x20;
    COORD   Coords, Delta;
    COORD   Old = {0,0};
    DWORD   Dummy;
    char    *MyID = (char*)pMyID;

    // Generate update increments and initial 
    // display coordinates.
    srand( (unsigned int) *MyID * 3 );

    Coords.X = getrandom( 0, csbiInfo.dwSize.X - 1 );
    Coords.Y = getrandom( 0, csbiInfo.dwSize.Y - 1 );
    Delta.X = getrandom( -3, 3 );
    Delta.Y = getrandom( -3, 3 );

    // Set up "happy face" & generate color 
    // attribute from thread number.
    if( *MyID > 16)
        MyCell = 0x01;          // outline face 
    else
        MyCell = 0x02;          // solid face 
    MyAttrib =  *MyID & 0x0F;   // force black background 

    do
    {
        // Wait for display to be available, then lock it.
        WaitForSingleObject( hScreenMutex, INFINITE );

        // If we still occupy the old screen position, blank it out. 
        ReadConsoleOutputCharacter( hConsoleOut, &OldCell, 1, 
                                    Old, &Dummy );
        ReadConsoleOutputAttribute( hConsoleOut, &OldAttrib, 1, 
                                    Old, &Dummy );
        if (( OldCell == MyCell ) && (OldAttrib == MyAttrib))
            WriteConsoleOutputCharacter( hConsoleOut, &BlankCell, 1,
                                         Old, &Dummy );

        // Draw new face, then clear screen lock 
        WriteConsoleOutputCharacter( hConsoleOut, &MyCell, 1, 
                                     Coords, &Dummy );
        WriteConsoleOutputAttribute( hConsoleOut, &MyAttrib, 1, 
                                     Coords, &Dummy );
        ReleaseMutex( hScreenMutex );

        // Increment the coordinates for next placement of the block. 
        Old.X = Coords.X;
        Old.Y = Coords.Y;
        Coords.X += Delta.X;
        Coords.Y += Delta.Y;

        // If we are about to go off the screen, reverse direction 
        if( Coords.X < 0 || Coords.X >= csbiInfo.dwSize.X )
        {
            Delta.X = -Delta.X;
            Beep( 400, 50 );
        }
        if( Coords.Y < 0 || Coords.Y > csbiInfo.dwSize.Y )
        {
            Delta.Y = -Delta.Y;
            Beep( 600, 50 );
        }
    }
    // Repeat while RunMutex is still taken. 
    while ( WaitForSingleObject( hRunMutex, 75L ) == WAIT_TIMEOUT );
}

void WriteTitle( int ThreadNum )
{
    enum { 
        sizeOfNThreadMsg = 80 
    };
    char    NThreadMsg[sizeOfNThreadMsg];

    sprintf_s( NThreadMsg, sizeOfNThreadMsg, 
               "Threads running: %02d.  Press 'A' "
               "to start a thread,'Q' to quit.", ThreadNum );
    SetConsoleTitle( NThreadMsg );
}

void ClearScreen( void )
{
    DWORD    dummy;
    COORD    Home = { 0, 0 };
    FillConsoleOutputCharacter( hConsoleOut, ' ', 
                                csbiInfo.dwSize.X * csbiInfo.dwSize.Y, 
                                Home, &dummy );
}

Entrada

a
q

Vea también

Conceptos

Subprocesamiento múltiple con C y Win32