Cómo firmar mensajes con un firmante
En este ejemplo se crea un mensaje CMS/PKCS #7 firmado con System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs. El mensaje lo firma un solo firmante. A continuación, se comprueba la firma de dicho mensaje.
Ejemplo
En este ejemplo se utilizan las siguientes clases:
En el siguiente ejemplo es necesario que haya un certificado de clave pública con el nombre de sujeto "MessageSigner1" en el almacén My certificate y que exista una clave privada asociada.
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Este ejemplo sólo tiene fines ilustrativos. En los entornos de producción se podría utilizar un modelo distinto, en el que el remitente y el destinatario del mensaje se ejecuten en procesos diferentes con sus credenciales de clave pública únicas. |
Configure este ejemplo mediante la utilidad Makecert.exe, que ofrece uno de los distintos métodos posibles de hacerlo. Certificate Creation Tool (Makecert.exe) es una práctica utilidad para generar certificados de prueba. En un entorno de producción, una entidad de certificación genera los certificados.
El siguiente comando de Makecert genera los certificados de clave pública y las claves privadas necesarias.
Makecert -n "CN=MessageSigner1" -ss My
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
#region Using directives
using System;
using System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.Text;
#endregion
namespace SigningAMessageByOneSigner
{
class SignedCmsSingleSigner
{
const String signerName = "MessageSigner1";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs " +
"Sample: Single-signer signed and verified message");
// Original message.
const String msg = "This is the message to be signed.";
Console.WriteLine("\nOriginal message (len {0}): {1} ",
msg.Length, msg);
// Convert message to array of bytes for signing.
Encoding unicode = Encoding.Unicode;
byte[] msgBytes = unicode.GetBytes(msg);
Console.WriteLine("\n\n------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine(" SETUP OF CREDENTIALS ");
Console.WriteLine("------------------------------\n");
X509Certificate2 signerCert = GetSignerCert();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n----------------------");
Console.WriteLine(" SENDER SIDE ");
Console.WriteLine("----------------------\n");
byte[] encodedSignedCms = SignMsg(msgBytes, signerCert);
Console.WriteLine("\n\n------------------------");
Console.WriteLine(" RECIPIENT SIDE ");
Console.WriteLine("------------------------\n");
if (VerifyMsg(encodedSignedCms))
{
Console.WriteLine("\nMessage verified");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\nMessage failed to verify");
}
}
// Open the My (or Personal) certificate store and search for
// credentials to sign the message with. The certificate
// must have the subject name "MessageSigner1".
static public X509Certificate2 GetSignerCert()
{
// Open the My certificate store.
X509Store storeMy = new X509Store(StoreName.My,
StoreLocation.CurrentUser);
storeMy.Open(OpenFlags.ReadOnly);
// Display certificates to help troubleshoot
// the example's setup.
Console.WriteLine("Found certs with the following subject " +
"names in the {0} store:", storeMy.Name);
foreach (X509Certificate2 cert in storeMy.Certificates)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", cert.SubjectName.Name);
}
// Find the signer's certificate.
X509Certificate2Collection certColl =
storeMy.Certificates.Find(X509FindType.FindBySubjectName,
signerName, false);
Console.WriteLine(
"Found {0} certificates in the {1} store with name {2}",
certColl.Count, storeMy.Name, signerName);
// Check to see if the certificate suggested by the example
// requirements is not present.
if (certColl.Count == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"A suggested certificate to use for this example " +
"is not in the certificate store. Select " +
"an alternate certificate to use for " +
"signing the message.");
}
storeMy.Close();
// If more than one matching cert, return the first one.
return certColl[0];
}
// Sign the message with the private key of the signer.
static public byte[] SignMsg(
Byte[] msg,
X509Certificate2 signerCert)
{
// Place message in a ContentInfo object.
// This is required to build a SignedCms object.
ContentInfo contentInfo = new ContentInfo(msg);
// Instantiate SignedCms object with the ContentInfo above.
// Has default SubjectIdentifierType IssuerAndSerialNumber.
// Has default Detached property value false, so message is
// included in the encoded SignedCms.
SignedCms signedCms = new SignedCms(contentInfo);
// Formulate a CmsSigner object for the signer.
CmsSigner cmsSigner = new CmsSigner(signerCert);
// Sign the CMS/PKCS #7 message.
Console.Write("Computing signature with signer subject " +
"name {0} ... ", signerCert.SubjectName.Name);
signedCms.ComputeSignature(cmsSigner);
Console.WriteLine("Done.");
// Encode the CMS/PKCS #7 message.
return signedCms.Encode();
}
// Verify the encoded SignedCms message and return a Boolean
// value that specifies whether the verification was successful.
static public bool VerifyMsg(byte[] encodedSignedCms)
{
// Prepare an object in which to decode and verify.
SignedCms signedCms = new SignedCms();
signedCms.Decode(encodedSignedCms);
// Catch a verification exception if you want to
// advise the message recipient that
// security actions might be appropriate.
try
{
// Verify signature. Do not validate signer
// certificate for the purposes of this example.
// Note that in a production environment, validating
// the signer certificate chain will probably
// be necessary.
Console.Write("Checking signature on message ... ");
signedCms.CheckSignature(true);
Console.WriteLine("Done.");
}
catch (System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException e)
{
Console.WriteLine("VerifyMsg caught exception: {0}",
e.Message);
Console.WriteLine("Verification of the signed PKCS #7 " +
"failed. The message, signatures, or " +
"countersignatures may have been modified " +
"in transit or storage. The message signers or " +
"countersigners may not be who they claim to be. " +
"The message's authenticity or integrity, " +
"or both, are not guaranteed.");
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
}
Consulte también
Tareas
Cómo firmar un mensaje con varios firmantes
Cómo contrafirmar un mensaje
Cómo envolver un mensaje para un destinatario
Cómo envolver un mensaje para varios destinatarios
Conceptos
Cómo firmar y envolver mensajes
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