Ejemplo de desencadenador semanal (C++)
En este ejemplo de C++ se muestra cómo crear una tarea programada para ejecutar el Bloc de notas semanalmente. La tarea contiene un desencadenador semanal que especifica un límite de inicio, un intervalo de semanas y un día de la semana para que la tarea se inicie. La tarea también contiene una acción que especifica la tarea que se va a ejecutar el Bloc de notas.
En el procedimiento siguiente se describe cómo programar una tarea para iniciar un ejecutable semanalmente.
Para programar que el Bloc de notas se inicie semanalmente
Inicialice COM y establezca la seguridad COM general.
Cree el objeto ITaskService .
Este objeto permite crear tareas en una carpeta especificada.
Obtenga una carpeta de tareas en la que crear una tarea.
Use el método ITaskService::GetFolder para obtener la carpeta y el método ITaskService::NewTask para crear el objeto ITaskDefinition .
Defina información sobre la tarea mediante el objeto ITaskDefinition , como la información de registro de la tarea.
Utilice la propiedad RegistrationInfo de ITaskDefinition y otras propiedades de la interfaz ITaskDefinition para definir la información de la tarea.
Cree un desencadenador semanal con la propiedad Triggers de ITaskDefinition para tener acceso a la interfaz ITriggerCollection de la tarea.
Use el método ITriggerCollection::Create para especificar que desea crear un desencadenador semanal. Puede establecer el límite de inicio, el intervalo de semanas y el día de la semana para el desencadenador IWeeklyTrigger para que las acciones de la tarea se programen para ejecutarse en un momento determinado de la semana.
Cree una acción para que la tarea se ejecute mediante la propiedad Actions de ITaskDefinition para tener acceso a la interfaz IActionCollection de la tarea.
Use el método IActionCollection::Create para especificar el tipo de acción que desea crear. En este ejemplo se usa un objeto IExecAction , que representa una acción que ejecuta una operación de línea de comandos.
Registre la tarea mediante el método ITaskFolder::RegisterTaskDefinition .
En el siguiente ejemplo de C++ se muestra cómo programar una tarea para ejecutar el Bloc de notas semanalmente.
/********************************************************************
This sample schedules a task to start on a weekly basis.
********************************************************************/
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <wincred.h>
// Include the task header file.
#include <taskschd.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "taskschd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "comsupp.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "credui.lib")
using namespace std;
void main(void)
{
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Initialize COM.
HRESULT hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCoInitializeEx failed: %x", hr );
return;
}
// Set general COM security levels.
hr = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1,
NULL,
NULL,
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT,
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,
NULL,
0,
NULL);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCoInitializeSecurity failed: %x", hr );
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create a name for the task.
LPCWSTR wszTaskName = L"Weekly Trigger Task";
// Get the windows directory and set the path to notepad.exe.
wstring wstrExecutablePath = _wgetenv( L"WINDIR");
wstrExecutablePath += L"\\SYSTEM32\\NOTEPAD.EXE";
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Create an instance of the Task Service.
ITaskService *pService = NULL;
hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_TaskScheduler,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_ITaskService,
(void**)&pService );
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Failed to create an instance of ITaskService: %x", hr);
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// Connect to the task service.
hr = pService->Connect(_variant_t(), _variant_t(),
_variant_t(), _variant_t());
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("ITaskService::Connect failed: %x", hr );
pService->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the pointer to the root task folder.
// This folder will hold the new task that is registered.
ITaskFolder *pRootFolder = NULL;
hr = pService->GetFolder( _bstr_t( L"\\") , &pRootFolder );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("Cannot get Root Folder pointer: %x", hr );
pService->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// If the same task exists, remove it.
pRootFolder->DeleteTask( _bstr_t( wszTaskName), 0 );
// Create the task builder object to create the task.
ITaskDefinition *pTask = NULL;
hr = pService->NewTask( 0, &pTask );
pService->Release(); // COM clean up. Pointer is no longer used.
if (FAILED(hr))
{
printf("Failed to create a task definition: %x", hr);
pRootFolder->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the registration info for setting the identification.
IRegistrationInfo *pRegInfo= NULL;
hr = pTask->get_RegistrationInfo( &pRegInfo );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get identification pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
hr = pRegInfo->put_Author( L"Author Name" );
pRegInfo->Release(); // COM clean up. Pointer is no longer used.
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put identification info: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Get the trigger collection to insert the weekly trigger.
ITriggerCollection *pTriggerCollection = NULL;
hr = pTask->get_Triggers( &pTriggerCollection );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get trigger collection: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
ITrigger *pTrigger = NULL;
hr = pTriggerCollection->Create( TASK_TRIGGER_WEEKLY, &pTrigger );
pTriggerCollection->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot create the trigger: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
IWeeklyTrigger *pWeeklyTrigger = NULL;
hr = pTrigger->QueryInterface(
IID_IWeeklyTrigger, (void**) &pWeeklyTrigger );
pTrigger->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nQueryInterface call for IWeeklyTrigger failed: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
hr = pWeeklyTrigger->put_Id( _bstr_t( L"Trigger1" ) );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put trigger ID: %x", hr);
// Set the task to start weekly at a certain time. The time
// format should be YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS(+-)(timezone).
// For example, the start boundary below is January 1st 2005 at
// 12:05
hr = pWeeklyTrigger->put_StartBoundary( _bstr_t(L"2005-01-01T12:05:00") );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the start boundary: %x", hr);
// Set the time when the trigger is deactivated.
hr = pWeeklyTrigger->put_EndBoundary( _bstr_t(L"2007-01-01T12:05:00") );
if( FAILED(hr) )
printf("\nCannot put the end boundary: %x", hr);
// Define the interval for the weekly trigger.
// An interval of 2 produces an
// every other week schedule
hr = pWeeklyTrigger->put_WeeksInterval( (short)2 );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put weeks interval: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
hr = pWeeklyTrigger->put_DaysOfWeek( (short)2 ); // Runs on Monday
pWeeklyTrigger->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot put days of week interval: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Add an Action to the task. This task will execute notepad.exe.
IActionCollection *pActionCollection = NULL;
// Get the task action collection pointer.
hr = pTask->get_Actions( &pActionCollection );
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot get Task collection pointer: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// Create the action, specifying that it is an executable action.
IAction *pAction = NULL;
hr = pActionCollection->Create( TASK_ACTION_EXEC, &pAction );
pActionCollection->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot create the action: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
IExecAction *pExecAction = NULL;
// QI for the executable task pointer.
hr = pAction->QueryInterface(
IID_IExecAction, (void**) &pExecAction );
pAction->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nQueryInterface call failed on IExecAction: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// Set the path of the executable to notepad.exe.
hr = pExecAction->put_Path( _bstr_t( wstrExecutablePath.c_str() ) );
pExecAction->Release();
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nCannot add path for executable action: %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Securely get the user name and password. The task will
// be created to run with the credentials from the supplied
// user name and password.
CREDUI_INFO cui;
TCHAR pszName[CREDUI_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH] = "";
TCHAR pszPwd[CREDUI_MAX_PASSWORD_LENGTH] = "";
BOOL fSave;
DWORD dwErr;
cui.cbSize = sizeof(CREDUI_INFO);
cui.hwndParent = NULL;
// Ensure that MessageText and CaptionText identify
// what credentials to use and which application requires them.
cui.pszMessageText = TEXT("Account information for task registration:");
cui.pszCaptionText = TEXT("Enter Account Information for Task Registration");
cui.hbmBanner = NULL;
fSave = FALSE;
// Create the UI asking for the credentials.
dwErr = CredUIPromptForCredentials(
&cui, // CREDUI_INFO structure
TEXT(""), // Target for credentials
NULL, // Reserved
0, // Reason
pszName, // User name
CREDUI_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH, // Max number for user name
pszPwd, // Password
CREDUI_MAX_PASSWORD_LENGTH, // Max number for password
&fSave, // State of save check box
CREDUI_FLAGS_GENERIC_CREDENTIALS | // Flags
CREDUI_FLAGS_ALWAYS_SHOW_UI |
CREDUI_FLAGS_DO_NOT_PERSIST);
if(dwErr)
{
cout << "Did not get credentials." << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// ------------------------------------------------------
// Save the task in the root folder.
IRegisteredTask *pRegisteredTask = NULL;
hr = pRootFolder->RegisterTaskDefinition(
_bstr_t( wszTaskName ),
pTask,
TASK_CREATE_OR_UPDATE,
_variant_t(_bstr_t(pszName)),
_variant_t(_bstr_t(pszPwd)),
TASK_LOGON_PASSWORD,
_variant_t(L""),
&pRegisteredTask);
if( FAILED(hr) )
{
printf("\nError saving the Task : %x", hr );
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
SecureZeroMemory(pszName, sizeof(pszName));
SecureZeroMemory(pszPwd, sizeof(pszPwd));
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
printf("\n Success! Task succesfully registered. " );
// Clean up
pRootFolder->Release();
pTask->Release();
pRegisteredTask->Release();
SecureZeroMemory(pszName, sizeof(pszName));
SecureZeroMemory(pszPwd, sizeof(pszPwd));
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
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