geo_distance_point_to_line()
Calcule la distance la plus courte en mètres entre une coordonnée et une ligne ou multiligne sur Terre.
Syntax
geo_distance_point_to_line(Longitude,Latitude,Linestring)
Découvrez les conventions de syntaxe.
Paramètres
| Nom | Type | Obligatoire | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| longitude | real |
✔️ | Valeur de longitude de la coordonnée géospatiale en degrés. Une valeur valide se trouve dans la plage [-180, +180]. |
| latitude | real |
✔️ | Valeur de latitude de la coordonnée géospatiale en degrés. Une valeur valide se trouve dans la plage [-90, +90]. |
| Linestring | dynamic |
✔️ | Ligne ou multiligne au format GeoJSON. |
Retours
Distance la plus courte, en mètres, entre une coordonnée et une ligne ou multiligne sur Terre. Si la coordonnée ou lineString n’est pas valide, la requête produit un résultat null.
Notes
- Les coordonnées géospatiales sont interprétées comme représentées par le système de référence de coordonnées WGS-84 .
- La donnée géodésique utilisée pour mesurer la distance sur Terre est une sphère. Les bords de ligne sont des géodésiques sur la sphère.
- Si les bords de ligne d’entrée sont des lignes cartésiennes droites, envisagez d’utiliser geo_line_densify() pour convertir les bords planaires en bords géodésiques.
Définition et contraintes LineString
dynamic({"type » : « LineString »,"coordinates » : [[lng_1,lat_1], [lng_2,lat_2],..., [lng_N,lat_N]]})
dynamic({"type » : « MultiLineString »,"coordinates » : [[line_1, line_2, ..., line_N]]})
- Le tableau de coordonnées LineString doit contenir au moins deux entrées.
- Les coordonnées [longitude, latitude] doivent être valides où longitude est un nombre réel dans la plage [-180, +180] et latitude est un nombre réel dans la plage [-90, +90].
- La longueur des arêtes doit être inférieure à 180 degrés. Le bord le plus court entre les deux sommets est choisi.
Conseil
- L’utilisation de LineString littéral ou d’un MultiLineString peut entraîner de meilleures performances.
- Si vous souhaitez connaître la distance la plus courte entre un ou plusieurs points de plusieurs lignes, envisagez de plier ces lignes en une seule ligne multiligne. Consultez l’exemple suivant.
Exemples
Plus courte distance de l’aéroport
L’exemple suivant recherche la distance la plus courte entre l’aéroport de North Las Vegas et une route proche.
print distance_in_meters = geo_distance_point_to_line(-115.199625, 36.210419, dynamic({ "type":"LineString","coordinates":[[-115.115385,36.229195],[-115.136995,36.200366],[-115.140252,36.192470],[-115.143558,36.188523],[-115.144076,36.181954],[-115.154662,36.174483],[-115.166431,36.176388],[-115.183289,36.175007],[-115.192612,36.176736],[-115.202485,36.173439],[-115.225355,36.174365]]}))
Sortie
| distance_in_meters |
|---|
| 3797.88887253334 |
Tempêtes sur la côte sud
L’exemple suivant montre comment trouver les tempêtes le long de la côte sud des États-Unis filtrées par une distance maximale de 5 km à partir de la ligne côtière définie.
let southCoast = dynamic({"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[-97.18505859374999,25.997549919572112],[-97.58056640625,26.96124577052697],[-97.119140625,27.955591004642553],[-94.04296874999999,29.726222319395504],[-92.98828125,29.82158272057499],[-89.18701171875,29.11377539511439],[-89.384765625,30.315987718557867],[-87.5830078125,30.221101852485987],[-86.484375,30.4297295750316],[-85.1220703125,29.6880527498568],[-84.00146484374999,30.14512718337613],[-82.6611328125,28.806173508854776],[-82.81494140625,28.033197847676377],[-82.177734375,26.52956523826758],[-80.9912109375,25.20494115356912]]});
StormEvents
| project BeginLon, BeginLat, EventType
| where geo_distance_point_to_line(BeginLon, BeginLat, southCoast) < 5000
| render scatterchart with (kind=map)
Sortie
Pick-ups de taxi new-yorkais
L’exemple suivant montre que les pick-ups de taxi new-yorkais sont filtrés par une distance maximale de 0,1 mètre par rapport à la multiligne définie.
let MadisonAve = dynamic({"type":"MultiLineString","coordinates":[[[-73.9879823,40.7408625],[-73.9876492,40.7413345],[-73.9874982,40.7415046],[-73.9870343,40.7421446],[-73.9865812,40.7427655],[-73.9861292,40.7433756],[-73.9856813,40.7439956],[-73.9854932,40.7442606],[-73.9852232,40.7446216],[-73.9847903,40.7452305],[-73.9846232,40.7454536],[-73.9844803,40.7456606],[-73.9843413,40.7458585],[-73.9839533,40.7463955],[-73.9839002,40.7464696],[-73.9837683,40.7466566],[-73.9834342,40.7471015],[-73.9833833,40.7471746],[-73.9829712,40.7477686],[-73.9824752,40.7484255],[-73.9820262,40.7490436],[-73.9815623,40.7496566],[-73.9811212,40.7502796],[-73.9809762,40.7504976],[-73.9806982,40.7509255],[-73.9802752,40.7515216],[-73.9798033,40.7521795],[-73.9795863,40.7524656],[-73.9793082,40.7528316],[-73.9787872,40.7534725],[-73.9783433,40.7540976],[-73.9778912,40.7547256],[-73.9774213,40.7553365],[-73.9769402,40.7559816],[-73.9764622,40.7565766],[-73.9760073,40.7572036],[-73.9755592,40.7578366],[-73.9751013,40.7584665],[-73.9746532,40.7590866],[-73.9741902,40.7597326],[-73.9737632,40.7603566],[-73.9733032,40.7609866],[-73.9728472,40.7616205],[-73.9723422,40.7622826],[-73.9718672,40.7629556],[-73.9714042,40.7635726],[-73.9709362,40.7642185],[-73.9705282,40.7647636],[-73.9704903,40.7648196],[-73.9703342,40.7650355],[-73.9701562,40.7652826],[-73.9700322,40.7654535],[-73.9695742,40.7660886],[-73.9691232,40.7667166],[-73.9686672,40.7673375],[-73.9682142,40.7679605],[-73.9677482,40.7685786],[-73.9672883,40.7692076],[-73.9668412,40.7698296],[-73.9663882,40.7704605],[-73.9659222,40.7710936],[-73.9654262,40.7717756],[-73.9649292,40.7724595],[-73.9644662,40.7730955],[-73.9640012,40.7737285],[-73.9635382,40.7743615],[-73.9630692,40.7749936],[-73.9626122,40.7756275],[-73.9621172,40.7763106],[-73.9616111,40.7769896],[-73.9611552,40.7776245],[-73.9606891,40.7782625],[-73.9602212,40.7788866],[-73.9597532,40.7795236],[-73.9595842,40.7797445],[-73.9592942,40.7801635],[-73.9591122,40.7804105],[-73.9587982,40.7808305],[-73.9582992,40.7815116],[-73.9578452,40.7821455],[-73.9573802,40.7827706],[-73.9569262,40.7833965],[-73.9564802,40.7840315],[-73.9560102,40.7846486],[-73.9555601,40.7852755],[-73.9551221,40.7859005],[-73.9546752,40.7865426],[-73.9542571,40.7871505],[-73.9541771,40.7872335],[-73.9540892,40.7873366],[-73.9536971,40.7879115],[-73.9532792,40.7884706],[-73.9532142,40.7885205],[-73.9531522,40.7885826],[-73.9527382,40.7891785],[-73.9523081,40.7897545],[-73.9518332,40.7904115],[-73.9513721,40.7910435],[-73.9509082,40.7916695],[-73.9504602,40.7922995],[-73.9499882,40.7929195],[-73.9495051,40.7936045],[-73.9490071,40.7942835],[-73.9485542,40.7949065],[-73.9480832,40.7955345],[-73.9476372,40.7961425],[-73.9471772,40.7967915],[-73.9466841,40.7974475],[-73.9453432,40.7992905],[-73.9448332,40.7999835],[-73.9443442,40.8006565],[-73.9438862,40.8012945],[-73.9434262,40.8019196],[-73.9431412,40.8023325],[-73.9429842,40.8025585],[-73.9425691,40.8031855],[-73.9424401,40.8033609],[-73.9422987,40.8035533],[-73.9422013,40.8036857],[-73.9421022,40.8038205],[-73.9420024,40.8039552],[-73.9416372,40.8044485],[-73.9411562,40.8050725],[-73.9406471,40.8057176],[-73.9401481,40.8064135],[-73.9397022,40.8070255],[-73.9394081,40.8074155],[-73.9392351,40.8076495],[-73.9387842,40.8082715],[-73.9384681,40.8087086],[-73.9383211,40.8089025],[-73.9378792,40.8095215],[-73.9374011,40.8101795],[-73.936405,40.8115707],[-73.9362328,40.8118098]],[[-73.9362328,40.8118098],[-73.9362432,40.8118567],[-73.9361239,40.8120222],[-73.9360302,40.8120805]],[[-73.9362328,40.8118098],[-73.9361571,40.8118294],[-73.9360443,40.8119993],[-73.9360302,40.8120805]],[[-73.9360302,40.8120805],[-73.9359423,40.8121378],[-73.9358551,40.8122385],[-73.9352181,40.8130815],[-73.9348702,40.8135515],[-73.9347541,40.8137145],[-73.9346332,40.8138615],[-73.9345542,40.8139595],[-73.9344981,40.8139945],[-73.9344571,40.8140165],[-73.9343962,40.8140445],[-73.9343642,40.8140585],[-73.9343081,40.8140725],[-73.9341971,40.8140895],[-73.9341041,40.8141005],[-73.9340022,40.8140965],[-73.9338442,40.8141005],[-73.9333712,40.8140895],[-73.9325541,40.8140755],[-73.9324561,40.8140705],[-73.9324022,40.8140695]],[[-73.9360302,40.8120805],[-73.93605,40.8121667],[-73.9359632,40.8122805],[-73.9353631,40.8130795],[-73.9351482,40.8133625],[-73.9350072,40.8135415],[-73.9347441,40.8139168],[-73.9346611,40.8140125],[-73.9346101,40.8140515],[-73.9345401,40.8140965],[-73.9344381,40.8141385],[-73.9343451,40.8141555],[-73.9342991,40.8141675],[-73.9341552,40.8141985],[-73.9338601,40.8141885],[-73.9333991,40.8141815],[-73.9323981,40.8141665]]]});
nyc_taxi
| project pickup_longitude, pickup_latitude
| where geo_distance_point_to_line(pickup_longitude, pickup_latitude, MadisonAve) <= 0.1
| take 100
| render scatterchart with (kind=map)
Sortie
L’exemple suivant plie plusieurs lignes en une seule ligne multiligne et interroge cette ligne multiligne. La requête recherche tous les pick-ups de taxi qui se sont produits à 10 km de toutes les routes de Manhattan.
let ManhattanRoads =
datatable(features:dynamic)
[
dynamic({"type":"Feature","properties":{"Label":"145thStreetBrg"},"geometry":{"type":"MultiLineString","coordinates":[[[-73.9322259,40.8194635],[-73.9323259,40.8194743],[-73.9323973,40.8194779]]]}}),
dynamic({"type":"Feature","properties":{"Label":"W120thSt"},"geometry":{"type":"MultiLineString","coordinates":[[[-73.9619541,40.8104844],[-73.9621542,40.8105725],[-73.9630542,40.8109455],[-73.9635902,40.8111714],[-73.9639492,40.8113174],[-73.9640502,40.8113705]]]}}),
dynamic({"type":"Feature","properties":{"Label":"1stAve"},"geometry":{"type":"MultiLineString","coordinates":[[[-73.9704124,40.748033],[-73.9702043,40.7480906],[-73.9696892,40.7487346],[-73.9695012,40.7491976],[-73.9694522,40.7493196]],[[-73.9699932,40.7488636],[-73.9694522,40.7493196]],[[-73.9694522,40.7493196],[-73.9693113,40.7494946],[-73.9688832,40.7501056],[-73.9686562,40.7504196],[-73.9684231,40.7507476],[-73.9679832,40.7513586],[-73.9678702,40.7514986]],[[-73.9676833,40.7520426],[-73.9675462,40.7522286],[-73.9673532,40.7524976],[-73.9672892,40.7525906],[-73.9672122,40.7526806]]]}})
// ... more roads ...
];
let allRoads=toscalar(
ManhattanRoads
| project road_coordinates=features.geometry.coordinates
| summarize make_list(road_coordinates)
| project multiline = bag_pack("type","MultiLineString", "coordinates", list_road_coordinates));
nyc_taxi
| project pickup_longitude, pickup_latitude
| where pickup_longitude != 0 and pickup_latitude != 0
| where geo_distance_point_to_line(pickup_longitude, pickup_latitude, parse_json(allRoads)) > 10000
| take 10
| render scatterchart with (kind=map)
Sortie
LineString non valide
L’exemple suivant retourne un résultat Null en raison de l’entrée LineString non valide.
print distance_in_meters = geo_distance_point_to_line(1,1, dynamic({ "type":"LineString"}))
Sortie
| distance_in_meters |
|---|
Coordonnée non valide
L’exemple suivant retourne un résultat Null en raison de l’entrée de coordonnées non valide.
print distance_in_meters = geo_distance_point_to_line(300, 3, dynamic({ "type":"LineString","coordinates":[[1,1],[2,2]]}))
Sortie
| distance_in_meters |
|---|
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