Rechercher un élément UI Automation basé sur une condition de propriété
Notes
Cette documentation s’adresse aux développeurs .NET Framework qui souhaitent utiliser les classes UI Automation managées définies dans l’espace de noms System.Windows.Automation. Pour obtenir les dernières informations sur UI Automation, consultez API Windows Automation : UI Automation.
Cet article contient un exemple de code qui montre comment localiser un élément dans l’arborescence UI Automation en fonction d’une ou plusieurs propriétés spécifiques.
Exemple
Dans l’exemple suivant, un ensemble de conditions de propriété est spécifié. Elles identifient un ou plusieurs éléments intéressants dans l’arborescence AutomationElement . Une recherche de tous les éléments correspondants est ensuite effectuée avec la méthode FindAll qui incorpore une série d’opérations booléennes AndCondition pour limiter le nombre d’éléments correspondants.
Notes
Lorsque vous effectuez une recherche à partir de RootElement, essayez de ne récupérer que des enfants directs. Une recherche des descendants peut itérer sur des centaines ou des milliers d’éléments, ce qui risquerait de provoquer un dépassement de la capacité de la pile. Si vous tentez d’obtenir un élément spécifique de niveau inférieur, vous devez commencer votre recherche à partir de la fenêtre d’application ou d’un conteneur de niveau inférieur.
///--------------------------------------------------------------------
/// <summary>
/// Walks the UI Automation tree of the target and reports the control
/// type of each element it finds in the control view to the client.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="targetTreeViewElement">
/// The root of the search on this iteration.
/// </param>
/// <param name="elementIndex">
/// The TreeView index for this iteration.
/// </param>
/// <remarks>
/// This is a recursive function that maps out the structure of the
/// subtree of the target beginning at the AutomationElement passed in
/// as the rootElement on the first call. This could be, for example,
/// an application window.
/// CAUTION: Do not pass in AutomationElement.RootElement. Attempting
/// to map out the entire subtree of the desktop could take a very
/// long time and even lead to a stack overflow.
/// </remarks>
///--------------------------------------------------------------------
private void FindTreeViewDescendants(
AutomationElement targetTreeViewElement, int treeviewIndex)
{
if (targetTreeViewElement == null)
return;
AutomationElement elementNode =
TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker.GetFirstChild(targetTreeViewElement);
while (elementNode != null)
{
Label elementInfo = new Label();
elementInfo.Margin = new Thickness(0);
clientTreeViews[treeviewIndex].Children.Add(elementInfo);
// Compile information about the control.
elementInfoCompile = new StringBuilder();
string controlName =
(elementNode.Current.Name == "") ?
"Unnamed control" : elementNode.Current.Name;
string autoIdName =
(elementNode.Current.AutomationId == "") ?
"No AutomationID" : elementNode.Current.AutomationId;
elementInfoCompile.Append(controlName)
.Append(" (")
.Append(elementNode.Current.ControlType.LocalizedControlType)
.Append(" - ")
.Append(autoIdName)
.Append(")");
// Test for the control patterns of interest for this sample.
object objPattern;
ExpandCollapsePattern expcolPattern;
if (true == elementNode.TryGetCurrentPattern(ExpandCollapsePattern.Pattern, out objPattern))
{
expcolPattern = objPattern as ExpandCollapsePattern;
if (expcolPattern.Current.ExpandCollapseState != ExpandCollapseState.LeafNode)
{
Button expcolButton = new Button();
expcolButton.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 5);
expcolButton.Height = 20;
expcolButton.Width = 100;
expcolButton.Content = "ExpandCollapse";
expcolButton.Tag = expcolPattern;
expcolButton.Click +=
new RoutedEventHandler(ExpandCollapse_Click);
clientTreeViews[treeviewIndex].Children.Add(expcolButton);
}
}
TogglePattern togPattern;
if (true == elementNode.TryGetCurrentPattern(TogglePattern.Pattern, out objPattern))
{
togPattern = objPattern as TogglePattern;
Button togButton = new Button();
togButton.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 5);
togButton.Height = 20;
togButton.Width = 100;
togButton.Content = "Toggle";
togButton.Tag = togPattern;
togButton.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(Toggle_Click);
clientTreeViews[treeviewIndex].Children.Add(togButton);
}
InvokePattern invPattern;
if (true == elementNode.TryGetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern, out objPattern))
{
invPattern = objPattern as InvokePattern;
Button invButton = new Button();
invButton.Margin = new Thickness(0);
invButton.Height = 20;
invButton.Width = 100;
invButton.Content = "Invoke";
invButton.Tag = invPattern;
invButton.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(Invoke_Click);
clientTreeViews[treeviewIndex].Children.Add(invButton);
}
// Display compiled information about the control.
elementInfo.Content = elementInfoCompile;
Separator sep = new Separator();
clientTreeViews[treeviewIndex].Children.Add(sep);
// Iterate to next element.
// elementNode - Current element.
// treeviewIndex - Index of parent TreeView.
FindTreeViewDescendants(elementNode, treeviewIndex);
elementNode =
TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker.GetNextSibling(elementNode);
}
}
'''--------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <summary>
''' Walks the UI Automation tree of the target and reports the control
''' type of each element it finds in the control view to the client.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="targetTreeViewElement">
''' The root of the search on this iteration.
''' </param>
''' <param name="treeviewIndex">
''' The TreeView index for this iteration.
''' </param>
''' <remarks>
''' This is a recursive function that maps out the structure of the
''' subtree beginning at the AutomationElement passed in as
''' rootElement on the first call. This could be, for example,
''' an application window.
''' CAUTION: Do not pass in AutomationElement.RootElement. Attempting
''' to map out the entire subtree of the desktop could take a very
''' long time and even lead to a stack overflow.
''' </remarks>
'''--------------------------------------------------------------------
Private Sub FindTreeViewDescendants( _
ByVal targetTreeViewElement As AutomationElement, _
ByVal treeviewIndex As Integer)
If (IsNothing(targetTreeViewElement)) Then
Return
End If
Dim elementNode As AutomationElement = _
TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker.GetFirstChild(targetTreeViewElement)
While Not (elementNode Is Nothing)
Dim elementInfo As New Label()
elementInfo.Margin = New Thickness(0)
clientTreeViews(treeviewIndex).Children.Add(elementInfo)
' Compile information about the control.
elementInfoCompile = New StringBuilder()
Dim controlName As String
If (elementNode.Current.Name = "") Then
controlName = "Unnamed control"
Else
controlName = elementNode.Current.Name
End If
Dim autoIdName As String
If (elementNode.Current.AutomationId = "") Then
autoIdName = "No AutomationID"
Else
autoIdName = elementNode.Current.AutomationId
End If
elementInfoCompile.Append(controlName).Append(" (") _
.Append(elementNode.Current.ControlType.LocalizedControlType) _
.Append(" - ").Append(autoIdName).Append(")")
' Test for the control patterns of interest for this sample.
Dim objPattern As Object = Nothing
Dim expcolPattern As ExpandCollapsePattern
If True = elementNode.TryGetCurrentPattern(ExpandCollapsePattern.Pattern, objPattern) Then
expcolPattern = DirectCast(objPattern, ExpandCollapsePattern)
If expcolPattern.Current.ExpandCollapseState <> ExpandCollapseState.LeafNode Then
Dim expcolButton As New Button()
expcolButton.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 5)
expcolButton.Height = 20
expcolButton.Width = 100
expcolButton.Content = "ExpandCollapse"
expcolButton.Tag = expcolPattern
AddHandler expcolButton.Click, AddressOf ExpandCollapse_Click
clientTreeViews(treeviewIndex).Children.Add(expcolButton)
End If
End If
Dim togPattern As TogglePattern
If True = elementNode.TryGetCurrentPattern(TogglePattern.Pattern, objPattern) Then
togPattern = DirectCast(objPattern, TogglePattern)
Dim togButton As New Button()
togButton.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 5)
togButton.Height = 20
togButton.Width = 100
togButton.Content = "Toggle"
togButton.Tag = togPattern
AddHandler togButton.Click, AddressOf Toggle_Click
clientTreeViews(treeviewIndex).Children.Add(togButton)
End If
Dim invPattern As InvokePattern
If True = elementNode.TryGetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern, objPattern) Then
invPattern = DirectCast(objPattern, InvokePattern)
Dim invButton As New Button()
invButton.Margin = New Thickness(0)
invButton.Height = 20
invButton.Width = 100
invButton.Content = "Invoke"
invButton.Tag = invPattern
AddHandler invButton.Click, AddressOf Invoke_Click
clientTreeViews(treeviewIndex).Children.Add(invButton)
End If
' Display compiled information about the control.
elementInfo.Content = elementInfoCompile
Dim sep As New Separator()
clientTreeViews(treeviewIndex).Children.Add(sep)
' Iterate to next element.
' elementNode - Current element.
' treeviewIndex - Index of parent TreeView.
FindTreeViewDescendants(elementNode, treeviewIndex)
elementNode = TreeWalker.ControlViewWalker.GetNextSibling(elementNode)
End While
End Sub