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authorization Element (ASP.NET Settings Schema)

Configures the authorization for a Web application, controlling client access to URL resources.

<authorization> 
   <allow .../>
   <deny .../>
</authorization>

Attributes and Elements

The following sections describe attributes, child elements, and parent elements.

Attributes

None.

Child Elements

Subtag Description

allow

Adds to the mapping of authorization rules an authorization rule that allows access to a resource.

deny

Adds to the mapping of authorization rules an authorization rule that denies access to a resource.

Parent Elements

Element Description

configuration

Specifies the required root element in every configuration file that is used by the common language runtime and the .NET Framework applications.

system.web

Specifies the root element for the ASP.NET configuration settings in a configuration file and contains configuration elements that configure ASP.NET Web applications and control how the applications behave.

Remarks

The authorization element configures the authorization for a Web application, controlling client access to URL resources.

At run time, the authorization module iterates through the allow and deny elements, starting at the most local configuration file, until the authorization module finds the first access rule that fits a particular user account. Then, the authorization module grants or denies access to a URL resource depending on whether the first access rule found is an allow or a deny rule. The default authorization rule is <allow users="*"/>. Thus, by default, access is allowed unless configured otherwise.

In order to facilitate deployment, the period (.) shortcut notation for the current computer is supported. This allows you to prefix each user or role with a period-backslash sequence (.\), as follows:

<allow roles=".\roleName"/>
<allow users=".\userName"/>

At run time, the period-backslash sequences are substituted with "localmachinename\" sequences. The substitution is done only if a Microsoft Windows identity is used with the request. This is to avoid conflicts in case the period-backslash sequence sequences are used in arbitrary roles with custom principals.

Because the authorization element does not represent a collection, there are no clear or remove child elements. To programmatically clear the mappings of authorization rules, use the Clear or Remove method.

Default Configuration

The following default authorization element is configured in the root Web.config file in the .NET Framework version 2.0, and configured in the Machine.config file in the .NET Framework versions 1.1 and 1.0.

<authorization>
   <allow users="*" />
</authorization>

Example

The following code example demonstrates how to allow access to all Admins role members and deny access to all users role members.

<configuration>
   <system.web>
      <authorization>
         <allow roles="Admins"/>
         <deny users="*"/>
      </authorization>
   </system.web>
</configuration>

Element Information

Configuration section handler

AuthorizationSection

Configuration member

Authorization

AuthorizationRuleCollection

Configurable locations

Machine.config

Root-level Web.config

Application-level Web.config

Virtual or physical directory–level Web.config

Requirements

Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) version 5.0, 5.1, or 6.0

The .NET Framework version 1.0, 1.1, or 2.0

Microsoft Visual Studio 2003 or Visual Studio 2005

See Also

Tasks

How to: Configure Specific Directories Using Location Settings
How to: Lock ASP.NET Configuration Settings

Reference

system.web Element (ASP.NET Settings Schema)
allow Element for authorization (ASP.NET Settings Schema)
deny Element for authorization (ASP.NET Settings Schema)
configuration Element (General Settings Schema)

Concepts

ASP.NET Authorization
ASP.NET Configuration File Hierarchy and Inheritance
Securing ASP.NET Configuration
ASP.NET Configuration Scenarios

Other Resources

Managing Authorization Using Roles
General Configuration Settings (ASP.NET)
ASP.NET Configuration Settings
Configuring ASP.NET Applications
ASP.NET Configuration API