Comment : créer un pool d'objets à l'aide d'un ConcurrentBag
Cet exemple indique comment utiliser un conteneur simultané pour implémenter un pool d'objet. Les pools d'objet peuvent améliorer les performances de l'application dans les situations où vous devez avoir plusieurs instances d'une classe et où la création ou la destruction de la classe est coûteuse. Lorsqu'un programme client demande un nouvel objet, le pool d'objet tente d'abord d'en fournir un qui a été créé et retourné au pool. Si aucun n'est disponible, et uniquement dans ce cas, un nouvel objet est créé.
ConcurrentBag<T> est utilisé pour stocker les objets parce qu'il prend en charge l'insertion et la suppression rapides, en particulier lorsque le même thread ajoute et supprime des éléments. Cet exemple peut être encore augmenté pour être généré autour d'un IProducerConsumerCollection<T>, que la structure de données de conteneur implémente, à l'instar de ConcurrentQueue<T> et de ConcurrentStack<T>.
Exemple
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Concurrent
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Threading.Tasks
Module ObjectPoolExample
Public Class ObjectPool(Of T)
Private _objects As ConcurrentBag(Of T)
Private _objectGenerator As Func(Of T)
Public Sub New(ByVal objectGenerator As Func(Of T))
If objectGenerator Is Nothing Then Throw New ArgumentNullException("objectGenerator")
_objects = New ConcurrentBag(Of T)()
_objectGenerator = objectGenerator
End Sub
Public Function GetObject() As T
Dim item As T
If _objects.TryTake(item) Then Return item
Return _objectGenerator()
End Function
Public Sub PutObject(ByVal item As T)
_objects.Add(item)
End Sub
End Class
Sub Main()
Dim cts As CancellationTokenSource = New CancellationTokenSource()
' Create an opportunity for the user to cancel.
Task.Factory.StartNew(Sub()
If Console.ReadKey().KeyChar = "c"c Or Console.ReadKey().KeyChar = "C"c Then
cts.Cancel()
End If
End Sub)
Dim pool As ObjectPool(Of TestClass) = New ObjectPool(Of TestClass)(Function() New TestClass())
' Create a high demand for TestClass objects.
Parallel.For(0, 1000000, Sub(i, loopState)
Dim mc As TestClass = pool.GetObject()
Console.CursorLeft = 0
' This is the bottleneck in our application. All threads in this loop
' must serialize their access to the static Console class.
Console.WriteLine("{0:####.####}", mc.GetValue(i))
pool.PutObject(mc)
If cts.Token.IsCancellationRequested Then
loopState.Stop()
End If
End Sub)
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to exit.")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
' A toy class that requires some resources to create.
' You can experiment here to measure the performance of the
' object pool vs. ordinary instantiation.
Class TestClass
Public Nums() As Integer
Public Function GetValue(ByVal i As Long) As Double
Return Math.Sqrt(Nums(i))
End Function
Public Sub New()
Nums = New Integer(10000000) {}
' ReDim Nums(1000000)
Dim rand As Random = New Random()
For i As Integer = 0 To Nums.Length - 1
Nums(i) = rand.Next()
Next
End Sub
End Class
End Module
using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ObjectPoolExample
{
public class ObjectPool<T>
{
private ConcurrentBag<T> _objects;
private Func<T> _objectGenerator;
public ObjectPool(Func<T> objectGenerator)
{
if (objectGenerator == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("objectGenerator");
_objects = new ConcurrentBag<T>();
_objectGenerator = objectGenerator;
}
public T GetObject()
{
T item;
if (_objects.TryTake(out item)) return item;
return _objectGenerator();
}
public void PutObject(T item)
{
_objects.Add(item);
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
// Create an opportunity for the user to cancel.
Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
{
if (Console.ReadKey().KeyChar == 'c' || Console.ReadKey().KeyChar == 'C')
cts.Cancel();
});
ObjectPool<MyClass> pool = new ObjectPool<MyClass> (() => new MyClass());
// Create a high demand for MyClass objects.
Parallel.For(0, 1000000, (i, loopState) =>
{
MyClass mc = pool.GetObject();
Console.CursorLeft = 0;
// This is the bottleneck in our application. All threads in this loop
// must serialize their access to the static Console class.
Console.WriteLine("{0:####.####}", mc.GetValue(i));
pool.PutObject(mc);
if (cts.Token.IsCancellationRequested)
loopState.Stop();
});
Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to exit.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
// A toy class that requires some resources to create.
// You can experiment here to measure the performance of the
// object pool vs. ordinary instantiation.
class MyClass
{
public int[] Nums {get; set;}
public double GetValue(long i)
{
return Math.Sqrt(Nums[i]);
}
public MyClass()
{
Nums = new int[1000000];
Random rand = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < Nums.Length; i++)
Nums[i] = rand.Next();
}
}
}