private (OpenMP)

Specifies that each thread should have its own instance of a variable.

private(var)

Remarks

where,

• var
  The variable to have instances in each thread.

Remarks

private applies to the following directives:

• for (OpenMP)

• parallel

• sections (OpenMP)

• single

For more information, see 2.7.2.1 private.

Example

// openmp_private.c
// compile with: /openmp
#include <windows.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <omp.h>

#define NUM_THREADS 4
#define SLEEP_THREAD 1
#define NUM_LOOPS 2

enum Types {
   ThreadPrivate,
   Private,
   FirstPrivate,
   LastPrivate,
   Shared,
   MAX_TYPES
};

int nSave[NUM_THREADS][MAX_TYPES][NUM_LOOPS] = {{0}};
int nThreadPrivate;

#pragma omp threadprivate(nThreadPrivate)
#pragma warning(disable:4700)

int main() {
   int nPrivate = NUM_THREADS;
   int nFirstPrivate = NUM_THREADS;
   int nLastPrivate = NUM_THREADS;
   int nShared = NUM_THREADS;
   int nRet = 0;
   int i;
   int j;
   int nLoop = 0;

   nThreadPrivate = NUM_THREADS;
   printf_s("These are the variables before entry "
           "into the parallel region.\n");
   printf_s("nThreadPrivate = %d\n", nThreadPrivate);
   printf_s("      nPrivate = %d\n", nPrivate);
   printf_s(" nFirstPrivate = %d\n", nFirstPrivate);
   printf_s("  nLastPrivate = %d\n", nLastPrivate);
   printf_s("       nShared = %d\n\n", nShared);
   omp_set_num_threads(NUM_THREADS);

   #pragma omp parallel copyin(nThreadPrivate) private(nPrivate) shared(nShared) firstprivate(nFirstPrivate)
   {
      #pragma omp for schedule(static) lastprivate(nLastPrivate)
      for (i = 0 ; i < NUM_THREADS ; ++i) {
         for (j = 0 ; j < NUM_LOOPS ; ++j) {
            int nThread = omp_get_thread_num();
            assert(nThread < NUM_THREADS);

            if (nThread == SLEEP_THREAD)
               Sleep(100);
            nSave[nThread][ThreadPrivate][j] = nThreadPrivate;
            nSave[nThread][Private][j] = nPrivate;
            nSave[nThread][Shared][j] = nShared;
            nSave[nThread][FirstPrivate][j] = nFirstPrivate;
            nSave[nThread][LastPrivate][j] = nLastPrivate;
            nThreadPrivate = nThread;
            nPrivate = nThread;
            nShared = nThread;
            nLastPrivate = nThread;
            --nFirstPrivate;
         }
      }
   }

   for (i = 0 ; i < NUM_LOOPS ; ++i) {
      for (j = 0 ; j < NUM_THREADS ; ++j) {
         printf_s("These are the variables at entry of "
                  "loop %d of thread %d.\n", i + 1, j);
         printf_s("nThreadPrivate = %d\n",
                  nSave[j][ThreadPrivate][i]);
         printf_s("      nPrivate = %d\n",
                  nSave[j][Private][i]);
         printf_s(" nFirstPrivate = %d\n",
                  nSave[j][FirstPrivate][i]);
         printf_s("  nLastPrivate = %d\n",
                  nSave[j][LastPrivate][i]);
         printf_s("       nShared = %d\n\n",
                  nSave[j][Shared][i]);
      }
   }

   printf_s("These are the variables after exit from "
            "the parallel region.\n");
   printf_s("nThreadPrivate = %d (The last value in the "
            "master thread)\n", nThreadPrivate);
   printf_s("      nPrivate = %d (The value prior to "
            "entering parallel region)\n", nPrivate);
   printf_s(" nFirstPrivate = %d (The value prior to "
            "entering parallel region)\n", nFirstPrivate);
   printf_s("  nLastPrivate = %d (The value from the "
            "last iteration of the loop)\n", nLastPrivate);
   printf_s("       nShared = %d (The value assigned, "
            "from the delayed thread, %d)\n\n",
            nShared, SLEEP_THREAD);
}

These are the variables before entry into the parallel region.
nThreadPrivate = 4
      nPrivate = 4
 nFirstPrivate = 4
  nLastPrivate = 4
       nShared = 4

These are the variables at entry of loop 1 of thread 0.
nThreadPrivate = 4
      nPrivate = 1310720
 nFirstPrivate = 4
  nLastPrivate = 1245104
       nShared = 3

These are the variables at entry of loop 1 of thread 1.
nThreadPrivate = 4
      nPrivate = 4488
 nFirstPrivate = 4
  nLastPrivate = 19748
       nShared = 0

These are the variables at entry of loop 1 of thread 2.
nThreadPrivate = 4
      nPrivate = -132514848
 nFirstPrivate = 4
  nLastPrivate = -513199792
       nShared = 4

These are the variables at entry of loop 1 of thread 3.
nThreadPrivate = 4
      nPrivate = 1206
 nFirstPrivate = 4
  nLastPrivate = 1204
       nShared = 2

These are the variables at entry of loop 2 of thread 0.
nThreadPrivate = 0
      nPrivate = 0
 nFirstPrivate = 3
  nLastPrivate = 0
       nShared = 0

These are the variables at entry of loop 2 of thread 1.
nThreadPrivate = 1
      nPrivate = 1
 nFirstPrivate = 3
  nLastPrivate = 1
       nShared = 1

These are the variables at entry of loop 2 of thread 2.
nThreadPrivate = 2
      nPrivate = 2
 nFirstPrivate = 3
  nLastPrivate = 2
       nShared = 2

These are the variables at entry of loop 2 of thread 3.
nThreadPrivate = 3
      nPrivate = 3
 nFirstPrivate = 3
  nLastPrivate = 3
       nShared = 3

These are the variables after exit from the parallel region.
nThreadPrivate = 0 (The last value in the master thread)
      nPrivate = 4 (The value prior to entering parallel region)
 nFirstPrivate = 4 (The value prior to entering parallel region)
  nLastPrivate = 3 (The value from the last iteration of the loop)
       nShared = 1 (The value assigned, from the delayed thread, 1)

See Also

Concepts

OpenMP Clauses