Utilisation des espaces de coordonnées et des transformations
Cette section contient un exemple qui illustre les tâches suivantes :
- Graphiques de dessin avec des unités prédéfinies.
- Centrage des graphiques dans la zone cliente de l’application.
- Mise à l’échelle de la sortie graphique à la moitié de sa taille d’origine.
- Traduction de la sortie graphique 3/4 de pouce vers la droite.
- Rotation des graphiques de 30 degrés.
- Sortie graphique de cisaillement le long de l’axe X.
- Reflet de la sortie graphique d’un axe horizontal imaginaire dessiné à travers son point milieu.
L’exemple suivant a été utilisé pour créer les illustrations qui apparaissent plus haut dans cette vue d’ensemble.
void TransformAndDraw(int iTransform, HWND hWnd)
{
HDC hDC;
XFORM xForm;
RECT rect;
// Retrieve a DC handle for the application's window.
hDC = GetDC(hWnd);
// Set the mapping mode to LOENGLISH. This moves the
// client area origin from the upper left corner of the
// window to the lower left corner (this also reorients
// the y-axis so that drawing operations occur in a true
// Cartesian space). It guarantees portability so that
// the object drawn retains its dimensions on any display.
SetGraphicsMode(hDC, GM_ADVANCED);
SetMapMode(hDC, MM_LOENGLISH);
// Set the appropriate world transformation (based on the
// user's menu selection).
switch (iTransform)
{
case SCALE: // Scale to 1/2 of the original size.
xForm.eM11 = (FLOAT) 0.5;
xForm.eM12 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM21 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM22 = (FLOAT) 0.5;
xForm.eDx = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eDy = (FLOAT) 0.0;
SetWorldTransform(hDC, &xForm);
break;
case TRANSLATE: // Translate right by 3/4 inch.
xForm.eM11 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eM12 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM21 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM22 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eDx = (FLOAT) 75.0;
xForm.eDy = (FLOAT) 0.0;
SetWorldTransform(hDC, &xForm);
break;
case ROTATE: // Rotate 30 degrees counterclockwise.
xForm.eM11 = (FLOAT) 0.8660;
xForm.eM12 = (FLOAT) 0.5000;
xForm.eM21 = (FLOAT) -0.5000;
xForm.eM22 = (FLOAT) 0.8660;
xForm.eDx = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eDy = (FLOAT) 0.0;
SetWorldTransform(hDC, &xForm);
break;
case SHEAR: // Shear along the x-axis with a
// proportionality constant of 1.0.
xForm.eM11 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eM12 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eM21 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM22 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eDx = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eDy = (FLOAT) 0.0;
SetWorldTransform(hDC, &xForm);
break;
case REFLECT: // Reflect about a horizontal axis.
xForm.eM11 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eM12 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM21 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM22 = (FLOAT) -1.0;
xForm.eDx = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eDy = (FLOAT) 0.0;
SetWorldTransform(hDC, &xForm);
break;
case NORMAL: // Set the unity transformation.
xForm.eM11 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eM12 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM21 = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eM22 = (FLOAT) 1.0;
xForm.eDx = (FLOAT) 0.0;
xForm.eDy = (FLOAT) 0.0;
SetWorldTransform(hDC, &xForm);
break;
}
// Find the midpoint of the client area.
GetClientRect(hWnd, (LPRECT) &rect);
DPtoLP(hDC, (LPPOINT) &rect, 2);
// Select a hollow brush.
SelectObject(hDC, GetStockObject(HOLLOW_BRUSH));
// Draw the exterior circle.
Ellipse(hDC, (rect.right / 2 - 100), (rect.bottom / 2 + 100),
(rect.right / 2 + 100), (rect.bottom / 2 - 100));
// Draw the interior circle.
Ellipse(hDC, (rect.right / 2 -94), (rect.bottom / 2 + 94),
(rect.right / 2 + 94), (rect.bottom / 2 - 94));
// Draw the key.
Rectangle(hDC, (rect.right / 2 - 13), (rect.bottom / 2 + 113),
(rect.right / 2 + 13), (rect.bottom / 2 + 50));
Rectangle(hDC, (rect.right / 2 - 13), (rect.bottom / 2 + 96),
(rect.right / 2 + 13), (rect.bottom / 2 + 50));
// Draw the horizontal lines.
MoveToEx(hDC, (rect.right/2 - 150), (rect.bottom / 2 + 0), NULL);
LineTo(hDC, (rect.right / 2 - 16), (rect.bottom / 2 + 0));
MoveToEx(hDC, (rect.right / 2 - 13), (rect.bottom / 2 + 0), NULL);
LineTo(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 13), (rect.bottom / 2 + 0));
MoveToEx(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 16), (rect.bottom / 2 + 0), NULL);
LineTo(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 150), (rect.bottom / 2 + 0));
// Draw the vertical lines.
MoveToEx(hDC, (rect.right/2 + 0), (rect.bottom / 2 - 150), NULL);
LineTo(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 0), (rect.bottom / 2 - 16));
MoveToEx(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 0), (rect.bottom / 2 - 13), NULL);
LineTo(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 0), (rect.bottom / 2 + 13));
MoveToEx(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 0), (rect.bottom / 2 + 16), NULL);
LineTo(hDC, (rect.right / 2 + 0), (rect.bottom / 2 + 150));
ReleaseDC(hWnd, hDC);
}