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Cómo crear un formulario maestro/detalle utilizando dos controles DataGridView de Windows Forms

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se crea un formulario maestro/detalle mediante dos DataGridView controles enlazados a dos BindingSource componentes. El origen de datos es un DataSet que contiene las tablas Customers y Orders de la base de datos de ejemplo Northwind SQL Server junto con un DataRelation que relaciona ambos a través de la columna CustomerID.

Uno BindingSource está enlazado a la tabla primaria Customers del conjunto de datos. Estos datos se muestran en el control maestro DataGridView . El otro BindingSource está enlazado al primer conector de datos. La DataMember propiedad del segundo BindingSource se establece en el nombre DataRelation Esto hace que el control de detalles DataGridView asociado muestre las filas de la tabla secundaria Orders que corresponden a la fila actual del control maestro DataGridView .

Para obtener una explicación completa de este ejemplo de código, vea Recorrido: Creación de un formulario Maestro/Detalle utilizando dos controles DataGridView de Windows Forms.

Ejemplo

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Windows.Forms;

public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
    private DataGridView masterDataGridView = new DataGridView();
    private BindingSource masterBindingSource = new BindingSource();
    private DataGridView detailsDataGridView = new DataGridView();
    private BindingSource detailsBindingSource = new BindingSource();

    [STAThreadAttribute()]
    public static void Main()
    {
        Application.Run(new Form1());
    }

    // Initializes the form.
    public Form1()
    {
        masterDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
        detailsDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;

        SplitContainer splitContainer1 = new SplitContainer();
        splitContainer1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
        splitContainer1.Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal;
        splitContainer1.Panel1.Controls.Add(masterDataGridView);
        splitContainer1.Panel2.Controls.Add(detailsDataGridView);

        this.Controls.Add(splitContainer1);
        this.Load += new System.EventHandler(Form1_Load);
        this.Text = "DataGridView master/detail demo";
    }

    private void Form1_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
    {
        // Bind the DataGridView controls to the BindingSource
        // components and load the data from the database.
        masterDataGridView.DataSource = masterBindingSource;
        detailsDataGridView.DataSource = detailsBindingSource;
        GetData();

        // Resize the master DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded data.
        masterDataGridView.AutoResizeColumns();

        // Configure the details DataGridView so that its columns automatically
        // adjust their widths when the data changes.
        detailsDataGridView.AutoSizeColumnsMode =
            DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCells;
    }

    private void GetData()
    {
        try
        {
            // Specify a connection string. Replace the given value with a
            // valid connection string for a Northwind SQL Server sample
            // database accessible to your system.
            String connectionString =
                "Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;" +
                "Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=localhost";
            SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);

            // Create a DataSet.
            DataSet data = new DataSet();
            data.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;

            // Add data from the Customers table to the DataSet.
            SqlDataAdapter masterDataAdapter = new
                SqlDataAdapter("select * from Customers", connection);
            masterDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Customers");

            // Add data from the Orders table to the DataSet.
            SqlDataAdapter detailsDataAdapter = new
                SqlDataAdapter("select * from Orders", connection);
            detailsDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Orders");

            // Establish a relationship between the two tables.
            DataRelation relation = new DataRelation("CustomersOrders",
                data.Tables["Customers"].Columns["CustomerID"],
                data.Tables["Orders"].Columns["CustomerID"]);
            data.Relations.Add(relation);

            // Bind the master data connector to the Customers table.
            masterBindingSource.DataSource = data;
            masterBindingSource.DataMember = "Customers";

            // Bind the details data connector to the master data connector,
            // using the DataRelation name to filter the information in the
            // details table based on the current row in the master table.
            detailsBindingSource.DataSource = masterBindingSource;
            detailsBindingSource.DataMember = "CustomersOrders";
        }
        catch (SqlException)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("To run this example, replace the value of the " +
                "connectionString variable with a connection string that is " +
                "valid for your system.");
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Public Class Form1
    Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form

    Private masterDataGridView As New DataGridView()
    Private masterBindingSource As New BindingSource()
    Private detailsDataGridView As New DataGridView()
    Private detailsBindingSource As New BindingSource()

    <STAThreadAttribute()> _
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Application.Run(New Form1())
    End Sub

    ' Initializes the form.
    Public Sub New()

        masterDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
        detailsDataGridView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill

        Dim splitContainer1 As New SplitContainer()
        splitContainer1.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
        splitContainer1.Orientation = Orientation.Horizontal
        splitContainer1.Panel1.Controls.Add(masterDataGridView)
        splitContainer1.Panel2.Controls.Add(detailsDataGridView)

        Me.Controls.Add(splitContainer1)
        Me.Text = "DataGridView master/detail demo"

    End Sub

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
        Handles Me.Load

        ' Bind the DataGridView controls to the BindingSource
        ' components and load the data from the database.
        masterDataGridView.DataSource = masterBindingSource
        detailsDataGridView.DataSource = detailsBindingSource
        GetData()

        ' Resize the master DataGridView columns to fit the newly loaded data.
        masterDataGridView.AutoResizeColumns()

        ' Configure the details DataGridView so that its columns automatically
        ' adjust their widths when the data changes.
        detailsDataGridView.AutoSizeColumnsMode = _
            DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode.AllCells

    End Sub

    Private Sub GetData()

        Try
            ' Specify a connection string. Replace the given value with a 
            ' valid connection string for a Northwind SQL Server sample
            ' database accessible to your system.
            Dim connectionString As String = _
                "Integrated Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;" & _
                "Initial Catalog=Northwind;Data Source=localhost"
            Dim connection As New SqlConnection(connectionString)

            ' Create a DataSet.
            Dim data As New DataSet()
            data.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture

            ' Add data from the Customers table to the DataSet.
            Dim masterDataAdapter As _
                New SqlDataAdapter("select * from Customers", connection)
            masterDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Customers")

            ' Add data from the Orders table to the DataSet.
            Dim detailsDataAdapter As _
                New SqlDataAdapter("select * from Orders", connection)
            detailsDataAdapter.Fill(data, "Orders")

            ' Establish a relationship between the two tables.
            Dim relation As New DataRelation("CustomersOrders", _
                data.Tables("Customers").Columns("CustomerID"), _
                data.Tables("Orders").Columns("CustomerID"))
            data.Relations.Add(relation)

            ' Bind the master data connector to the Customers table.
            masterBindingSource.DataSource = data
            masterBindingSource.DataMember = "Customers"

            ' Bind the details data connector to the master data connector,
            ' using the DataRelation name to filter the information in the 
            ' details table based on the current row in the master table. 
            detailsBindingSource.DataSource = masterBindingSource
            detailsBindingSource.DataMember = "CustomersOrders"
        Catch ex As SqlException
            MessageBox.Show("To run this example, replace the value of the " & _
                "connectionString variable with a connection string that is " & _
                "valid for your system.")
        End Try

    End Sub

End Class

Compilar el código

Este ejemplo requiere:

Referencias a los ensamblados System, System.Data, System.Windows.Forms y System.XML.

Seguridad de .NET Framework

Almacenar información confidencial, como una contraseña, dentro de la cadena de conexión puede afectar a la seguridad de la aplicación. El uso de la autenticación de Windows (también conocido como seguridad integrada) es una manera más segura de controlar el acceso a una base de datos. Para obtener más información, consulte Protección de la información de conexión.

Consulte también

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